No. 2 (2025)

Introduction. Rapidly changing socio-economic conditions require a revision of approaches to regulating control activities. The variety of forms and methods of control leads to their duplication in modern conditions of the digital economy. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to conduct a comparative analysis of various points of view on the forms and content of control activities, to consider the elements of the organization's compliance system and to develop a compliance management model. Results. The author's model based on compliance principles and compliance elements is presented, which will ensure the effectiveness and transparency of control activities in general, focused on risk management. This is due to the application of the conglomerate model at various levels and areas of control in the management of the region. The problems of control activity are considered. The article reveals the problem of professionalization of control activities related to the use of new methods and forms of control activities in a single corporate management circuit. The main categories of compliance risks, ways to reduce them, risk management methods in the context of digital transformation, principles and methods necessary for the organization of a highly effective compliance system of the corporation are considered. Conclusions. The solution to the problem of the quality of public administration will be facilitated by the use of compliance control as a fundamental tool within the framework of the conglomerate model of the control system in the management of the region. An integrated approach to the organization of control and monitoring of various aspects of public administration creates conditions for choosing its rational model.

Introduction. Modern Russia is in the process of permanent reform of the public administration system, increasing the efficiency and transparency of the work of the state apparatus. Today, the civil service system of the Russian Federation is a complex mechanism that regulates the activities of government authorities and their interaction with society. Purpose. In our opinion, we would like to draw attention to some key problems of further reforming the civil service and suggest ways to overcome them, in which the institutions of the state and municipal service are transformed into a single system of public service. It is necessary to improve the existing system of ranks and ranks of the public service. Methods and results. The research methods include the use of historical analysis, which made it possible to trace the evolution of the system of public power and local self-government in Russia. The appeal to historical experience made it possible to identify elements of continuity and determine the possibilities of adapting historical models to modern conditions. An analysis of current legislation, including federal laws and presidential decrees, was also conducted in order to identify gaps and contradictions in legal regulation. In turn, the use of a systematic approach implied the consideration of public authority as a single system, including state and municipal services. This made it possible to analyze the interrelationships between different levels of government and assess their impact on management effectiveness, as well as identify systemic problems and develop recommendations for their solution. The results of the analysis conducted using theoretical methods make it possible to identify key problems in the current legislation that hinder the effective functioning of the public authority system. The use of a systematic approach makes it possible to identify the relationships between levels and branches of government, as well as to determine their impact on the overall effectiveness of management. All this makes it possible to develop comprehensive recommendations for optimizing the interaction between state and municipal services, as well as to propose coordination mechanisms that will increase the effectiveness of management at all levels. Conclusions. According to the authors, reflected in the work, the formation of a system of public authority, which is already being completed at the local government level, causes the objective need to form a unified system of public service, including the state and municipal branches (services), which is a necessary condition for strengthening the vertical of power and improving coordination between its levels. The article draws attention to the expediency of maintaining a two-tier model of local self-government, which plays a key role in ensuring communication between authorities and the population.

Introduction. This study focuses on the role of secondary vocational education in the economic development of the region and provides an analysis of the current state of the system and identification of problems. The quality of training of specialists, their competitiveness in the labor market, and, consequently, the overall economic development of the region depend on the management mechanism of this system. However, despite the key role of secondary vocational education, the existing management mechanisms in this area need to be improved and optimized. This necessitates an in-depth analysis of the current state of the system, as well as identification of problems and prospects for its development. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for managing the sustainable development of medium-sized enterprises. vocational education in the region based on transactional tomography of digitalization processes and interaction of government bodies with stakeholders of the economic ecosystem of the territory. Materials and methods. The paper provides a review of the literature and reveals the concepts of the economic ecosystem of the territory, its sustainable development, transactional tomography, etc. The following research tools were used: the method of generalization, a review of literary sources, as well as quantitative and qualitative data analysis. Results. As a result of the research, an algorithm for managing the sustainable development of secondary vocational education was developed and tested using the example of the Perm Region. The main problems of secondary vocational education at the regional level have been identified and recommendations for their solution have been developed. Conclusions. The proposed methodology of digital management of secondary vocational education is intended for regional authorities, and can also be used by educational institutions and other participants in the economic ecosystem interested in the sustainable development of the secondary vocational education system.

Introduction. In the context of the increasing need for sustainable socio-economic development and increased trust in state institutions, the problem of effective management of public property is of particular importance. State and municipal property, which acts as a strategic resource, requires special forms of regulation based on transparency, accountability and active participation of society. In modern practice, there is institutional fragmentation, weak implementation of feedback mechanisms and limited public control, which reduces the effectiveness of management and contributes to the risks of administrative opportunism. Purpose. The purpose of the research is to develop a conceptual model of public property management based on the integration of the mechanism of implementation of public interests and the system of public responsibility as the backbone elements of an open and responsible state. Methods. The methodological basis of the research is based on systemic and institutional approaches that allow us to consider the management of public resources as a complex of interrelated political, legal and organizational institutions. The analysis is based on the theoretical principles of classical political economy, institutional theory, as well as domestic and foreign experience in parliamentary and civil control. Results. The article proposes the model for the implementation of public interests in the management of state and municipal property, including the tools of elections, parliamentary and civil control, direct democracy, digital interaction, as well as elements of charismatic leadership. The mechanism of public responsibility is revealed as an integral component of the system, ensuring that the goals of public authority correspond to the interests of society. The key components of the mechanism of public responsibility are highlighted - the legal regulation of reporting, the sanctions mechanism, independent effectiveness assessment, feedback mechanisms and the institute of recall. The socio-economic, organizational, legal and special institutional conditions for the effectiveness of this system are substantiated. Conclusions. The article proves that the transition to a genuine model of public property management requires the institutionalization of citizen participation, the development of participatory practices and the formalization of public accountability mechanisms. Only when a set of conditions is met does public ownership cease to be nominal and turn into a real instrument of socially oriented public policy based on the priority of public interests.

Introduction. The global digital transformation of public administration is currently underway worldwide. In Russia, this process was launched in 2021 within the framework of the Strategic Direction for Digital Transformation of Public Administration. Further development continued through the implementation of the Federal Project "State for People," aimed at a large-scale transition to a customer-centric state model focused on citizens' interests and needs. In these circumstances, studying successful practices of world leaders in this field becomes particularly relevant. Purpose. The purpose of this study is to analyze Singapore's experience in citizen engagement in the design of digital public services - one of the key trends in future public administration. The Singapore government defines co-design as a fundamental element in creating a Smart Nation 2.0, where digital solutions are developed not just for citizens but together with them. Materials and methods. The research methodology is based on the analysis of publicly available official documents and internet resources of the Singapore government, scientific publications, journal articles, reports, and documents from international organizations. Results. The article examines the evolution of approaches to citizen engagement: from public consultations to the establishment of specialized panels, formation of active volunteer communities, and the creation of Singapore Government Partnerships Office (SGPO). The study provides detailed analysis of initiatives such as Smart Nation Ambassadors, Tech Kaki, STACK, the OGP Open Jio program, and the implementation of the SCOPE digital platform for feedback collection. Citizen engagement through working groups, consultation panels, and volunteer communities has improved the quality of government services by addressing actual user needs at all development stages. The observed transition from the "government for people" paradigm to the "government with people" paradigm has not only enhanced service efficiency but also strengthened public trust and citizens' sense of ownership. Conclusion. The research results provide insights into the evolution of citizen participation stages, mechanisms, and platforms used, and can be utilized in developing and adapting strategies for citizen engagement in digital transformation of public administration in other countries.

Introduction. The processes of globalization in the global economic system are associated with the aggravation of geopolitical tensions. The problems of protecting national interests are being actualized, the solution of which is related to the formation of conditions for fair exchange, which requires restructuring the existing system of international settlements. Purpose. The modern international financial system is in a state of turbulence, followed by an inevitable restructuring towards increasing the sovereignty of individual States and respecting national interests. The purpose of the study is to analyze the experience of building interstate mutual settlement systems in order to identify possible directions for the development of relations within the BRICS using intra-block settlement and investment instruments. Methods. The work is a logical continuation of the author's previously published research. The research methods are a structural analysis of the institutional organization of the global financial system, using a historical and logical approach, description, comparison, and establishment of cause-and-effect relationships in building a financial infrastructure that generates and redistributes monetary rent, which is an independent source of income for the issuing states of payment instruments and is not always appropriated by the owner-producer of the goods. Results. Possible options for organizing an alternative global payment system within the framework of BRICS are presented. It has been proven that the global economy is currently in the stage of a new transition. There are two alternatives to the new settlement infrastructure: the creation of a multicurrency basket of partner countries (such as ECU, euro, etc.), or the development of a new digital financial instrument as an absolutely unparalleled universal equivalent. The authors of the article tend to see disadvantages in the first approach due to the impossibility of implementation without taking into account the principle of regionalization, and are inclined to the need for a qualitatively new approach in the organization of modern payment systems based on the production and exchange sale of cryptocurrencies. Conclusions. For the countries that are members of the BRICS and are partners of this union, the most fair option, eliminating the mechanism of discrimination and capture of monetary rents by unfriendly entities, is to create a block payment instrument for mutual settlements within the union, based on the parity of the national economies of the union, like the euro, or a fundamentally new electronic or cryptocurrency, to invest in which will be produced by the countries included in the block.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of an individual investment account as a tool for the development of private investment in Russia. The relevance of the research topic is due to the development of private investment in Russia, as well as the possibility of obtaining tax deductions through the use of individual investment accounts as an investment tool. Purpose. Determination of the nature and degree of influence of individual investment accounts on the development of the private investment market in Russia. Materials and methods. The works of Russian and foreign scientists are used as a theoretical basis. The information base of the study is represented by data from Russian and foreign analytical centers, the Moscow Stock Exchange, and the Bank of Russia. The article uses methods of literary analysis and synthesis of information based on past publications, structural and dynamic analysis, SWOT analysis, regression analysis. Results. The article provides an assessment of the current state and prospects for the development of retail investment in Russia and abroad. It has been established that private investors are the most significant supplier of capital to financial markets. To determine the nature of the impact of individual investment accounts (next is the IIS) on the development of private investment, assets and the number of private investors from 2020 to 2024 were analyzed. It has been established that the share of investors with IIS in the total number of private investors has been decreasing for five years. The assets of investors with IIS in the total assets of private investors amount to less than 3%. Regression analysis made it possible to determine that an increase in the number of investors with IIS by 1 thousand people increases the total assets of private investors by 2.97 billion rubles. It has been established that the development of private investment in the retail segment of the Russian financial market is not due to an increase in private investors with an individual investment account. Based on the SWOT analysis, it was possible to determine the future strategies of private investors using IIS. Conclusions. The degree of influence of IIS on the development of private investment in Russia is substantiated. It has been established that the degree of influence of private investors with IIS is minimal, and other factors contribute to the development of private investment. Priority strategies have been identified for private investors using IIS in conditions of uncertainty and risk.

Introduction. The relevance of studying the assessment of the level of socio-economic development of regions is associated with a changing world, a change of generations, paradigms, and, therefore, methods for assessing the level of development of the territory. Digitalization processes that are rapidly penetrating into all spheres of life; the demand of the population to accelerate the exchange of information, to increase the quality of life and the quality of goods and services received due to the growing needs - all this is important to take into account when developing the methodology for assessing the region. Currently, active attention is paid to the development of the social sphere, as well as attention to a person not as a unit, only generating income, but to a person as a person with an inner world, character, individual needs. Therefore, theories based on the growth of human capital, a human-centered approach are actively developing today. In a rapidly changing environment, taking into account the digital transformation of society and the introduction of neurotechnologies in the development and management of the region, this topic requires in-depth analysis, in particular, the study of foreign approaches to assessing the level of development of the socio-economic system. Purpose. Systematization of Russian and foreign methodological approaches to the assessment of the socio-economic system of the region. Materials and methods. The study was carried out using basic scientific methods of theoretical knowledge: theoretical analysis of methodologies for assessing the level of socio-economic development of the region, synthesis and generalization of the studied material to identify key aspects of domestic and foreign methodologies for assessing regional development. Results and Conclusions. Systematization of the methodological approaches of Russian and foreign scientists to assessing the level of the socio-economic system of the region was carried out with an emphasis on a human-centered approach to the balanced development of the region. Each of these approaches offers unique perspectives on factors that determine differences in assessing the level of resilience and human-centric development of a region. An important emphasis of domestic and foreign practice in the formation of the methodology for assessing the region is the indicators of the digital transformation of the region and the peculiarities of the change of generations. Understanding these approaches allows us to further analyze the causes and consequences of differentiation of regions according to the level of socio-economic development.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to: the need for automated analysis of agricultural degradation (manual data processing for all regions and crops is ineffective, and agglomerative machine clustering allows regions with similar trends to be grouped, identifying the most problematic areas); risks to food security (reduced self-sufficiency with key products requires timely government support measures, clustering helps to rank regions by threat level and optimize resource allocation); lack of a unified methodology for assessing degradation; digitalization of agriculture. Purpose. The study aims to analyze the degradation of agricultural production in the regions of the Russian Federation, particularly to identify regions with the most pronounced decline in potato and other agricultural production, as well as to develop measures to improve the situation. Methods. Clustering methods were used for the analysis, specifically the agglomerative clustering algorithm, which allowed grouping regions based on the similarity of agricultural production degradation indicators using statistical data for 2005 - 2022. Results. The regions were divided into three clusters, with Cluster 2 (42 regions) being the most degraded in terms of agricultural production. These regions show significant declines in per capita production and yield indicators. Conclusions. Cluster analysis made it possible to identify regions with the most pronounced degradation of agricultural production, enabling the development of targeted support measures, such as targeted subsidies, tax incentives, and infrastructure restoration programs, to improve the situation in these regions.

Introduction. In the conditions of economic management changed under the influence of global geopolitical transformations, a new model of national economy is being formed, based on the principles of stability of functioning, sustainability and competitiveness in the long term. Among the main directions of its support the creation of stable and predictable financial conditions for its functioning through the use of fiscal policy instruments is of great importance. Purpose. To analyze modern transformations in the tax sphere, carried out within the framework of ‘fine-tuning' of the tax system in the direction of increasing the importance of the principles of fairness, balance, growth of investment activity, as well as the creation of favourable conditions for the development of the economy and society as a whole. Materials and methods. The theoretical basis was provided by the works of classical economists, as well as the works of modern economists, devoted to the issues of reforming the tax system, increasing the importance of the degree of use in it of the basic principles of taxation and, above all, the principle of fairness. In the preparation of the article we used general scientific methods of cognition of economic phenomena, as well as tabular and graphical methods of research. Each of them was applied adequately to its functional capabilities, which allowed to ensure the reasonedness and reliability of generalizations and conclusions. Results and conclusions. The analysis of the effectiveness of anti-sanctions tax measures aimed at promoting and supporting the structural transformation of the economy in the period of significant economic shocks of recent years has shown the sustainability and stability of the tax system, which, among other things, is confirmed by the positive dynamics of tax revenues at all levels of the budget system. The article assesses the first stage of the process of reforming the tax system in the direction of improving its efficiency and maximising economic and social benefits corresponding to the long-term priorities of scientific and technological development. Particular attention is paid to the fiscal orientation of the tax reform through the implementation of a comprehensive and systematic approach to taxation of corporate and personal income, increasing the tax burden in various sectors of the economy, including sectors of natural resources management, which will provide additional revenues to the revenue side of the state budget. The conclusions are drawn that the reforming of income and rent taxes, excises, as well as special tax regimes in conjunction with investment incentives of a diverse nature will reduce inequality in social and socio-economic development, ensure the growth of competitiveness of industrial sectors, as well as technological development of the economy as a whole.

Introduction. Russia, which has the largest energy capacity in Europe, has the lowest energy intensity index, which is known to characterize the efficient use of energy resources in the production of end products. At the present stage of development, the problems of reducing energy saving are challenges and threats to the economic security of the country, region, and business entity in the context of the sixth technological order. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the conditions of the sixth technological order, the methodological apparatus for analyzing challenges and threats to economic security is poorly developed, the results of which could form the basis for improving energy saving efficiency at the federal, regional, local and corporate levels of government. Purpose. Identification and assessment of challenges and threats in the use of energy-saving technologies in the country's economic security system in the context of the sixth technological order. Materials and Methods. The research is based on general scientific methods: comparative analysis, statistical analysis, contextual analysis, as well as scientific works by Russian scientists on such topics as the impact of reducing material consumption on production efficiency, the economic security of the country, region, business entity, and the integration of the energy saving mechanism into the corporate environment. Results. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that modern high-performance technologies that consume the least amount of material resources for the production of high-quality products are not effectively used at all levels of government (federal, regional, local and corporate). It is proposed to use elements of a closed economy and the recycling of production and consumption waste as such technologies. The advantages of the sixth technological order for end consumers and for improving the quality of life of the population are noted. The main threats to economic security for alternative energy, which has a significant impact on economic development and uses breakthrough technologies with a high efficiency, have been identified. It was also noted that breakthrough technologies, by their very nature, have no analogues, which ensures the competitiveness of domestic technologies in the global market. Conclusions. The conducted research has shown that the problems of reducing energy saving directly affect such complex indicators as the energy intensity of gross domestic product and the energy intensity of production. In order to achieve strategic goals to reduce energy saving, it is necessary to find management solutions to the challenges and threats to the economic security of the country, region, and business entity.

Introduction. Existing ideas about sustainable development of regions within the framework of the need to achieve economic, social and environmental goals do not solve the main problem of preserving the assimilation potential of territories (a). Its value lies in the range from zero to 1.0. The higher the value (a), the less payments will be required for the reproduction of natural resources and environmental quality. Purpose. To find criteria for assessing the state of sustainable development of a region within the framework of a new strategy for balanced use of natural resources that would not contradict the principle of completeness of ecological unity between the state of use and reproduction of natural resources and the quality of the environment. Methods. The goal is achieved based on the method of comparative assessment of the balance between the rates of economic growth, the rates of reproduction of natural resources and the quality of the environment within the framework of the assimilation potential of the region's territory. On this basis, the share of costs (payments) for the reproduction of natural resources and environmental quality is calculated within the framework of the criterion of completeness of ecological unity between the state of natural resources and environmental quality. Results. In order to transition to a new strategy of environmental and natural resource regulation within the framework of achieving the goals of sustainable development, deductions for the reproduction of natural resources and environmental quality (payments) should be determined by the total cost of a multiple of 1.618 of the share of the increase in the gross regional product. If this condition is met, then at any rate of economic growth the assimilation potential (a) cannot be less than 0.618. Conclusions. Under the conditions of the experimental calculation of the value (a) and its increase by a value greater than 0.618, the share of payments for the reproduction of natural resources and the quality of the environment decreases proportionally. Only in this case is it possible to make a consistent assessment of the state of sustainability of the region’s development by the users of natural resources themselves and the environmental control bodies at different levels of management based on the achieved level of gross regional product.

Introduction. The relevance of the article is due to the fact that in conditions of high key interest rates and economic volatility, the possibility of quickly attracting additional sources of income for the local budget is reduced. This problem has already affected the city of Rostov-on-Don, which at the end of 2024 considered it irrational to raise commercial loan funds to cover cash gaps. In this situation, in order to comply with the principle of balancing the municipal budget, special attention should be paid to cash planning and execution. Purpose. The authors set as their task a comprehensive study of the process of monitoring the cash budget execution using the example of the city of Rostov-on-Don. The study identified the features, problems and mechanisms of effective municipal budget planning at the municipal level. Methods. The methodological basis of the research was made up of general scientific and private scientific methodological tools: analysis of the scientific and legal framework, statistical method, analytical method and method of documentary analysis. Results. The study presents the main results, including a detailed analysis of the budget process of the city of Rostov-on-Don for 2024, with an emphasis on key indicators and trends in cash execution. In addition, the patterns of budget execution were identified, analyzed in the context of various sources of financing, which allowed for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of spending funds. The main reasons for non-fulfillment of the cash plan have also been identified and considered in detail, which serves as the basis for the proposed recommendations for optimizing the budget process. Conclusions. In the analysis of the budget process of the city of Rostov-on-Don, the following characteristics can be distinguished: the high level of budget execution, which reaches 95% or higher in 10 out of 12 reporting months, and the stability of indicators for higher-level budgets, however, there are fluctuations in the execution of the local budget. Among the key problems of cash execution, it is possible to note unfair behavior of suppliers, violation of delivery dates of goods and late provision of necessary documents or services.

Introduction. The gradual recovery of business activity, adaptation to the transforming conditions of the new structure of international trade relations, and a sharp increase in industrial production in Southeast Asian countries and especially in China have spurred demand for Russian coal. Despite the many favorable factors that have developed in the coal market, it is worth noting a number of problems, the main of which are the sanctions of unfriendly countries against coal companies and their owners. Accordingly, the issues of increasing the economic security of coal industry enterprises are coming on the agenda with new threats and aspects that require new approaches to solving modern problems. Purpose. The aim of the study was to develop a model for minimizing risks while ensuring the economic security of coal industry enterprises. The objectives of the study were to study approaches to the concept of economic security and the role of risk minimization in ensuring the economic security of coal industry enterprises. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research was the fundamental knowledge of risk management and economic security, as well as reflecting the industry specifics of the coal industry. Methods of analysis and synthesis, comparative analysis, induction and deduction, graphical interpretation of data were applied in the work, as well as systematic and causal approaches were used to consider the coal industry as part of the national economic security system, to identify the relationship between the processes of minimizing risks and ensuring economic security. Results. The author's model of minimizing risk factors while ensuring the economic security of the coal industry is presented, which reflects the author's view on this process. A distinctive feature of the author's approach is an extended system for monitoring and collecting information about possible sources of risky events. Conclusions. The article proves that the improved model of minimizing risk factors while ensuring the economic security of the coal industry takes into account environmental changes using a system of indicators reflecting the emergence of potential risk events, which allows you to take into account the maximum number of risk factors and assess the degree of their impact on the activities of enterprises in the industry under study.

Introduction. The article analyzes the challenges facing modern digital marketing and the role of web analytics in ensuring informed management decisions at Russian small and medium-sized businesses. The paper examines the stages of web analytics development, with an emphasis on the transition from basic monitoring of positions in search engines to sales forecasting based on artificial intelligence methods. Special attention is paid to the use of Russian business intelligence systems to solve automation problems and optimize marketing efforts in order to achieve maximum efficiency in the field of planning and development of the company. Purpose. Research of the role of web analytics as a key tool for improving the effectiveness of digital marketing, analysis of its development and application possibilities for automating marketing processes. The relevance of the topic is due to the dynamic development of digital marketing in Russia and the growing competition in the online environment, which requires business to make prompt and informed decisions. In the context of rapidly changing user preferences, increased regulation of online advertising, and the need to increase the effectiveness of advertising budgets, traditional web analytics methods are becoming insufficient. Results. The results of the study indicate that web analytics plays a significant role in digital marketing, requiring not only the use of various tools and services, but also the ability to structure data, formulate hypotheses and predict user behavior on the site. Effective integration of web analytics into an enterprise's digital marketing system can significantly improve the quality and productivity of its Internet strategies, as well as optimize the overall operation of the marketing system by providing timely information about consumer behavior and brand perception. Conclusions. The use of end-to-end analytics and BI systems plays an important role in the development of digital marketing, contributing to in-depth data analysis, process automation, and personalized customer interaction. Further research should be focused on developing methods for assessing the impact of AI, optimizing the integration of analytical systems, and improving educational programs for training specialists in this field.

Introduction. The transition to a postmodern information society determines the intensification of modernization processes affecting almost all spheres of society, with political systems being no exception. For modern states, it is necessary to identify the features of political modernization, which are determined by the complex interaction of historical, cultural, socio-economic and geopolitical factors. Currently, there is no universal effective model of political modernization, and each country must seek its own path of development. Purpose. Analysis of modern theories and practices of political modernization and identification of features of political modernization of countries belonging to non-Western civilizations. Methods. The main theoretical methods include system analysis, socio-constructivist analysis, structural and functional method, socio-cultural analysis, institutional, neoinstitutional approaches. Results. It is revealed that the processes of modernization have significant differences depending on civilizational factors. If in the countries of Western civilization, modernization processes are determined by the historical evolutionary development of liberal values and political culture, then in non-Western civilizations, which include the civilizations of South Asia, Latin America, African-Islamic civilizations, Confucian civilizations, and Orthodox civilizations and the processes of political modernization are closely related not only to the socio-cultural, but also to the socio-economic state of the countries included in these non-Western civilizations. Conclusions. The theory of political modernization clearly shows how the gradual or spontaneous replacement of traditional socio-cultural values with civil values practically occurs during the democratization of the political system. Traditional socio-cultural values in non-Western civilizations are replaced by civil ones in various ways, which directly affects the intensity of the process of political modernization.

Introduction. Trust in government is formed from the attitude to political information and to the world of politics in general. Trust in government is determined by the attitude of the population towards political objects and subjects, political parties, groups and associations; political leaders; the state and international organizations - to all objects in the minds of citizens associated with power and the state. Despite the fact that politics as a field of activity is always associated with the struggle for power, in which various means are used, the issue of trust between society and government affects the moral sphere, and therefore determines the quality of life of society. Purpose. To formulate the functions of institutional trust in government. Interdisciplinary research analyzes many functions of trust, but the functional of institutional trust in government has not been sufficiently studied in line with the political science approach. Methods. The method of system analysis of trust theories was used, which made it possible to determine the functional spectrum of institutional trust. Results. The functional spectrum of trust has been defined, which remains open to discussion and additions. Trust in authority is considered as a socio-political phenomenon that performs many significant functions regulating the relationship between society and the state. Among the functions of trust in authority are 1) feedback function; 2) relationship deepening function; 3) psychological relief function; 4) additional social resource function; 5) complementary/humanistic function; 6) reduction function; 7) protective function; 8) instrumental function; 9) the function of harmonizing the subject's relations with the state, society and himself. Conclusions. It is significant that trust in authority is not a simple and unambiguous characteristic of modern society. Trust as a socio-political phenomenon can be characterized as a more complex and multidimensional category. It cannot and should not be unconditional. However, the maintained level of trust in the authorities is an indicator of the dynamics of social relations, without which stable and planned economic, social and political development of modern Russia is impossible. Based on the listed functionality, it is advisable to analyze and assess the level of trust in the government on the part of the population.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the transformation of the mechanisms of recruitment of the political and administrative elite in modern Russia in the context of digitalization and geopolitical instability. The author focuses on the impact of digital technologies on social systems, emphasizing their role in optimizing management processes and adapting elites to new challenges (pandemics, geopolitical conflicts). Purpose. The purpose of the study is to analyze the evolution of elite recruitment channels and methods, assess their effectiveness in the context of digital transformation, and identify threats and prospects related to the integration of technologies (Big Data, artificial intelligence, blockchain) into the processes of forming the ruling class. Methods. The work uses comparative and theoretical analysis, systematic and historical approaches, sociological methods, as well as the analysis of empirical data and scientific concepts. Results. The dominance of traditional recruitment channels has been revealed: the state apparatus and the military-security unit. The strengthening of the role of digital tools was noted: contests and retraining programs, hybrid models, algorithmic personnel selection. It has been established that digitalization creates a bifurcation: it expands access to the elite, but increases the risks of cyber-attacks, fakes and data monopolization. Conclusions. The author concludes that there is a need for a balance between innovation and continuity. Measures are proposed for the stability of the system: the development of IT sovereignty, the introduction of meritocratic principles using Big Data, and the strengthening of media transparency of government. It is emphasized that the hybridization of elites (a symbiosis of administrative channels and digital tools) is becoming a key factor in adapting to global challenges. The research contributes to elitism by defining the prospects for studying the ethical aspects of the use of artificial intelligence and the long-term effects of digitalization of political processes.

Introduction. Artificial intelligence is penetrating deeper into politics around the world. Algorithms and neural networks today are capable of creating texts, images and videos, analyzing big data and even imitating human communication. Every year there is an increasing penetration of the "inhuman mind" into the processes of political communication. Such a large-scale penetration into the sensual sphere of politics inevitably causes interest on the part of the state and society, as well as attempts to streamline these processes. Purpose. Based on the analysis of the specifics of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the political administration of the Russian Federation, to identify legal and ethical problems and develop proposals to improve the effectiveness of political communication in the context of digitalization. Methods. The methodological basis of the study was an interdisciplinary approach based on the aggregation of political, legal and managerial concepts that analyze the problems and possibilities of using AI in the political sphere. A qualitative analysis of documents and expert data of an interdisciplinary nature was used. An institutional and communicative approach was used. Results. The article is devoted to the analysis of the use of artificial intelligence in the political processes of the Russian Federation. The article examines both the positive aspects of the use of AI in political governance, as well as the potential risks associated with manipulation of public opinion, transparency of algorithms and the use of personal data. Special attention is paid to the legal regulation of AI in the Russian Federation, existing legislative gaps and ethical dilemmas. The article analyzes the experience of using AI by government agencies and political parties, including the automation of public services, the analysis of public opinion and the use of neural networks in election campaigns. In conclusion, recommendations are given on the development of legal regulation and maintaining a balance between technological progress and democratic values. Conclusions. The article proves that artificial intelligence is becoming part of the external landscape in the Russian Federation, although the process of its development is at an initial stage. However, its continued impact on policy will depend on exactly how it is used and regulated. Russian specificity (a combination of aspirations for technological sovereignty, a strong role for the state and the simultaneous interest of business players) creates a special context in which AI decisions can have long-term consequences for governance models and the degree of openness of the political system.

Introduction. Digital innovation technologies are becoming an integral element of the transformation of modern political systems, having a significant impact on the structure and dynamics of the electoral process. Their implementation is accompanied not only by an increase in the efficiency and accessibility of electoral procedures, but also by the emergence of new political and legal risks related to legitimacy, transparency and regulatory regulation. Purpose. A political and legal analysis of the digitalization of the electoral process in the Russian Federation with an emphasis on institutional models for the introduction of innovative technologies. Methods. A comparative legal analysis of the stages of implementing digital solutions during the 2019 Moscow elections, the 2020 nationwide vote on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation, and the 2021 State Duma elections. Theoretical and methodological modeling of approaches to the digital transformation of the electoral process using institutional and systems approaches. Results. It was established that the digitalization of the electoral system in Russia is being carried out through a mixed approach, combining technological neutrality with elements of legal institutionalization. Five conceptual models for implementing digital technologies in elections were identified, each differing in the degree of regulatory intervention and transformation of electoral procedures. Key problem areas in the digitalization of the electoral process were outlined-regulatory fragmentation and the issue of legitimacy of electoral procedures and the public's trust in their outcomes. Conclusion. Digitalization of the electoral process is a politically significant process of implementing mechanisms for democratic participation. In the context of ongoing regulatory fragmentation and public distrust, the key political and legal challenge is the development of a sustainable strategy for managing the digitalization of elections, which can simultaneously maintain institutional stability and adapt to the demands of the digital age.

Introduction. In the context of the transition from the institutional to the platform logic of political interaction (digital platforms, digital networks), electoral behavior becomes fragmented, situational and algorithmically deterministic. These changes reflect not just technological modernization, but a profound shift in the structure of political subjectivity, in which the digital environment becomes the main space for the formation and expression of civil will. The present study is aimed at a theoretical and analytical understanding of the mechanisms of digital socialization and their impact on the transformation of electoral dynamics. Purpose. To identify the transformational processes of political socialization and their impact on the structure and dynamics of electoral behavior amid the sociotechnological restructuring of the public sphere. Methods. This study employs methods of sociopolitical analysis, including a structural-functional approach to examining the mechanisms of political socialization, as well as elements of discursive and institutional analytics. The empirical basis was formed through interdisciplinary synthesis of data from contemporary studies in digital political communication, electoral sociology, and network theory. Results. The analysis conducted within this study demonstrates that the digital environment significantly influences the form of political socialization, transforming electoral behavior from a stable institutional practice into fragmented and situational activity driven by algorithmically managed flows of informational resources (i.e., manipulation of public consciousness through the digital environment). New types of political subjectivity are emerging, dominated by behavioral personalization (individual subjectivity), media platformization, and digital mobilization (collective subjectivity). It was also established that traditional institutions involved in electoral participation are losing their monopoly on the political socialization of citizens, ceding this role to digital media environments and informal network communities. As a result of these processes, channels of political communication are being transformed, stable political identities are eroding, and electoral stratification is intensifying. Conclusions. Digitalization is shaping a qualitatively new structure of political socialization, within which electoral behavior reflects deep changes in social structure, communication practices, and mechanisms of political participation. In the new political realities, the effectiveness of the electoral process depends not so much on technological progress, but on the ability of political systems to adapt to the new logic of socialization and representation. The success of such a transition requires institutional flexibility and a rethinking of normative models of citizen interaction with public authority.

Introduction. The digitalisation of the electoral process is becoming a key factor in increasing the effectiveness of democracy, which requires a careful study of both global trends and the specifics of their implementation in Russia. The application of electronic voting systems and new technologies in electoral processes offers great opportunities, but also creates risks that require analysis. Purpose. This study aims to identify current trends in the digitalisation of the electoral process globally and to compare them with Russian practice in order to assess both positive and negative aspects of the introduction of digital technologies in the electoral process. Materials and methods. The study uses data from international and Russian scientific sources, official documents, statistical data and expert opinions. The methods of comparative analysis, case study, qualitative analysis and content analysis were applied for a comprehensive approach to analysing current practices and their implications. Results. The results of the study show that the digitalisation of electoral processes increases the accessibility and convenience of voting, but the creation of systems with a high level of trust remains a major challenge. In Russia, the introduction of remote electronic voting allows more voters to participate in elections, but also raises security and privacy issues. There is a need to revise legal regulations and strengthen data protection. Conclusions. Digitalisation of the electoral process has the potential to increase the legitimacy and transparency of elections, but requires effective legal regulation and active citizen participation in electoral procedures. Recommendations include the implementation of international experience to address current challenges and improve public confidence in digital technologies in elections.

Introduction. The topic of values in general, as well as the problem of their study, in particular, is gaining increasing popularity in modern Russian discourse, which is explained by the significant acceleration of social changes mediated by geopolitical and domestic political processes, as well as the updated framework of legal regulation: strengthening the integration into public life of traditional Russian values, enshrined by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation 09.11.2022 No. 809 "On the approval of the Fundamentals of State Policy for the preservation and strengthening of Traditional Russian spiritual and Moral values." This state of affairs suggests the need for a sociological diagnosis of the value space of modern Russian society. Purpose. Today, there are many tools for studying values, but most of them are aimed at assessing individual values, while we are interested in social values, which determined the purpose of the article: to develop and describe an empirical model for analyzing social values, which is based on the idea of the need to use a set of indicators for their cumulative assessment. Methods. The indicators of the assessment of social values by the author include: value relations, value preferences, value attitudes, value actions. Based on the proposed approach, a sociological toolkit has been developed, which has been tested during the diagnostics of the student youth's value space. The survey was conducted from May 17 to June 1, 2023 (N=4338). Results. The results of the testing of the empirical model of the analysis of social values demonstrated a pronounced disparity in the respondents' attitude to the proposed indicators of their measurement, which is explained by the presence of a noticeable gap between the understanding of the ideal idea of values and the actual adherence to them. Conclusions. The proven empirical model of social values analysis can form the basis for studying social values not only of other socio-demographic groups, but also of Russian society as a whole.

Introduction. The modern healthcare system is undergoing significant changes due to the processes of digital transformation, which requires not only deep professional knowledge from medical professionals, but also rapid adaptation to innovations, developed communication and digital skills. Purpose. To identify the key competencies of the doctor of the future, determine the importance of soft skills in professional activity and analyze the impact of digital technologies on medical practice. Materials and methods. As part of the study, semi-structured expert interviews with 10 specialists were conducted in November-December 2024: doctors, healthcare organizers and developers of digital services. The interviews consisted of three thematic blocks covering issues of digital transformation, changing the role of a doctor, and evaluating the digital competence model. Results. Experts identify three key areas of transformation of the doctor's role: integration and critical interpretation of patient data; development of partner communication and patient involvement in the treatment process; the need for psychological stability of the doctor. Experts also note the role of soft skills: emotional intelligence, stress tolerance, and the ability to think critically - as important factors in the adoption of digital change. The development of hard skills, including skills in working with information systems, voice and blind input, as well as interaction with artificial intelligence, is becoming a prerequisite for professional growth. Conclusions. The digital transformation of medicine requires doctors to combine technical, communication, and analytical skills. Therefore, in educational programs, it is necessary to increase attention to the development of soft skills, integrating them into the learning process. The formation of a comprehensive medical training system will help reduce anxiety levels, increase professional satisfaction, and improve the quality of medical care.

Introduction. The development of civic consciousness becomes a key aspect in creating a strong and mature society. This is due to the need to educate people who are ready to actively participate in public life. This is especially true for Russia, where current socio-political challenges require the involvement of all segments of the population. A comprehensive approach to civic education implies fundamental changes in the philosophy of the educational space of modern Russia, namely, the return of the educational component in the program of activities of educational institutions. Purpose. To analyze the experience of applying the axiological and civilizational approach to the study of civic identity. Theoretical basis. One of the key tasks of the axiological approach is to search for and analyze the fundamental principles on which the social life of the country and its statehood are based. Such value dominants in modern Russia today are family and traditions, social harmony and patriotism. The realization of the axiological approach to civic education faces a number of challenges, including the need to overcome the legacy of the Soviet period, when the formation of civic identity was often carried out within the framework of hermetic ideological constructs. Today, the task is to engage young people in active participation in society, based on Russia's unique historical experience, which is one of the key components of the civilizational approach. Special attention will be paid to the operationalization of the concepts of citizenship and patriotism; the thesis of interdependence of the categories of civic and patriotic will be put forward. This approach allows more productively designing programs of civic education, building them into the system of continuous socialization of a citizen. Results. In modern society, the need to activate civic awareness and understanding of historical and cultural heritage comes to the forefront. This process requires the development of innovative strategies, especially in the context of educational work with young people. Key problems in this area are the lack of a sustainable value system that could serve as a basis, as well as the lack of coherence that prevents the formation of effective mechanisms of social activism. Conclusions. The study of the application of axiological and civilizational approaches in the study of civic identity has allowed us to identify the key problematic aspects facing the sphere of civic education in Russia, as well as to formulate strategies for its optimization and development in the future.

Introduction. Digital technologies are used in many fields of activity, and the sphere of public administration is no exception. With digitalization in the public sphere, the term "electronic government" has appeared. The meaning of e-government is in interaction with the state through information technology. E-government services are used by both citizens and businesses, as well as government organizations themselves. Purpose. To determine what opportunities e-government creates for three actors: citizens, businesses, and government organizations. Analyze how e-government facilitates the interaction of citizens, businesses, and government organizations. Methods. The research methodology is based on the analysis of the use of e-government systems by citizens, businesses and government organizations, as well as on the analysis of papers of foreign and domestic researchers on the topic of e-government. Results. E-government creates a large number of opportunities for citizens, businesses, and government organizations. Opportunities for citizens to receive public services are significantly expanding. Citizens can find out information about the provision of public services and submit an application for their provision online. Citizens can also interact with each other through e-government services. E-government allows organizations from the private sector to reduce the cost of interacting with government organizations and participate in electronic business support initiatives. Organizations from the public sector can optimize their internal processes and build cooperation with other government organizations through e-government. Conclusions. E-government is a tool that transforms interactions between various participants in society, including citizens, businesses, and government organizations. For each of the three parties, the digital transformation of the state creates unique opportunities. E-government services can increase the efficiency, transparency, and accessibility of public services. The introduction of e-government is an important step towards improving the efficiency of public administration.

Introduction. The governance of digital platform development has become one of the key areas of national digital agendas in the 21st century. Amidst global competition, China and Russia are striving to establish sustainable mechanisms for managing the growth of digital platforms. Purpose. The aim of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of state policy on the development of digital platforms in the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation. The research seeks to identify differences and similarities in platform regulation approaches, as well as to systematize the stages of state involvement in platform development governance. Methods. The methodological basis of the study includes systems analysis and historical-economic analysis of state policy on platform development in two countries with distinct political and economic systems. Results. The research provides a systematization of China’s and Russia’s platform policies. The Chinese model is characterized by a high degree of political control, technological autonomy, and export-oriented platforms, while the Russian model represents a hybrid structure relying on both state-driven digital solutions and private ecosystems. The study highlights key barriers to platform development in Russia, including dependency on foreign technologies, human capital deficits, and a fragmented regulatory framework. Conclusions. China has implemented a phased strategy for digital platform development, beginning with the establishment of material and technical infrastructure to ensure technological self-sufficiency, followed by the rise of private initiatives and innovations supported by a protectionist environment. This experience is particularly relevant for Russia, which continues to face technological dependence on foreign equipment and expertise. Therefore, the strategic priority of Russian public policy should focus on fostering domestic high-tech industries, especially in microelectronics and digital infrastructure.

Introduction. The digital transformation of public administration in Russia is a multidimensional process characterized by the transition from the e-government model to the concept of "the state as a platform." Despite significant investments and strategic initiatives under the national Digital Economy program, significant challenges remain, including regulatory constraints, insufficient interoperability of information systems, and a shortage of digital competencies among government employees. Purpose. A comprehensive analysis of the processes of digital transformation of public administration in Russia. Methods. A systematic approach to the analysis of the processes of digital transformation of public administration, combining institutional, technological and organizational aspects of the implementation of the national program "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation". The study is based on the concept of levels of digital maturity and the theory of transition from e-government to "smart government". Results. Key trends in the digitalization of public administration have been identified, including the formation of a National Data Management System, the introduction of platform solutions, and the development of superservices. Five levels of digital maturity of public administration have been identified, from basic informatization to a full-fledged "smart government". It has been established that the effectiveness of digital transformation is determined not only by technological innovations, but also by institutional changes, including the improvement of the regulatory framework and the development of digital competencies. Recommendations have been developed to improve the mechanisms of digitalization of state and municipal services, including the introduction of a balanced scorecard to assess the effectiveness of digital transformation, a phased strategy for the introduction of digital tools and the creation of a unified digital ecosystem of public administration. Conclusions. Successful digital transformation of public administration requires an integrated approach that takes into account technological, organizational, legal and socio-cultural aspects. The key success factors are the consistency of the legislative framework with the pace of technological development, the integration of information systems of various departments and levels of government, the development of digital competencies of civil servants, ensuring information security and the formation of a culture of using data in making managerial decisions. The transition to the "state as a platform" model will make it possible to overcome interdepartmental disunity and create an integrated system of digital services that improves the quality of public administration and citizens' satisfaction with public services.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to improve the efficiency of interaction between the state and society in the era of digital transformations, as well as the growing demand from citizens for participation in public policy management. Digitalization opens new horizons for the development of mechanisms of public control; however, it is accompanied by a number of challenges, such as digital inequality, information security, and the manipulative potential of technologies. Purpose. The author set the task of analyzing modern mechanisms for implementing public control over public policy in the context of digitalization, identifying their advantages and disadvantages, and proposing recommendations for improving these tools. In this regard, key digital platforms and technologies were examined, such as electronic petition portals, open data platforms, and e-participation projects. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the study included systemic analysis, formal-legal methods, comparative analysis, content analysis, and sociological methods. During the research, key digital platforms and resources that contribute to the formation of new forms of interaction between government and society were analyzed. These included the Federal State Statistics Service portal, the open data platform data.gov.ru, executive authority projects (such as "Active Citizen" and the Public Council at the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation), as well as independent analytical platforms (VTsIOM, TAdviser, NAFI). Data from research centers and statistical information were used to evaluate the effectiveness of digital public control tools. Results. The author provides a critique of certain aspects of digital public control tools, such as low public engagement, issues of digital inequality, information security, and risks of manipulative influence of technologies. Arguments are made in defense of the potential of digital platforms to increase the transparency of government activities, expand opportunities for citizen participation in governance, and improve feedback mechanisms through tools like open data, electronic petitions, and online consultations. The author presents a vision of addressing contradictions between so-called absolute approaches (e.g., purely technological solutions without considering social context) and relative theories (which emphasize adapting technologies to societal needs), proposing a balance between implementing digital innovations and ensuring their accessibility, transparency, and security for all population groups. Conclusions. The article demonstrates that digitalization significantly transforms the mechanisms of public control over public policy, providing new tools for interaction between the state and society, such as electronic petitions, open data, online consultations, and social media. However, their effectiveness is limited by factors such as digital inequality, insufficient public engagement, information security concerns, and risks of manipulative technological influence. The author emphasizes the need to improve regulation of digital platforms, introduce innovative solutions (e.g., blockchain and artificial intelligence), and ensure a balance between transparency, accessibility, and security of public control processes to enhance citizens' trust in state institutions.

Introduction In the era of Industry 4.0, the digital economic environment has high uncertainty and unpredictability. As an critical subject of the real economy, traditional industrial enterprises need to use digital technology and disruptive thinking to innovate their business models in order to help enterprises better and faster realize digital transformation and sustainable development if they want to survive and develop in such a complex and volatile market environment. In accordance with this, the purpose of the study is an empirical study of the relevant processes. Materials and methods Through literature review and analysis, the theoretical models of digital ability, sustainable business model innovation, digital opportunity discovery and digital opportunity creation are constructed. The measure scales of the above four variables are also designed. Through the empirical research on the questionnaire survey of well-known industrial enterprises in 31 provincial administrative regions in China, the descriptive statistical analysis, structural analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis of variables of the questionnaire were carried out by using the data analysis software SPSS 22.0. Results The study showed, that the digital ability of industrial enterprises have a significant positive impact on sustainable business model innovation. Digital opportunity discovery and digital opportunity creation play a continuous intermediary role between them. The theoretical model and hypothesis have been verified. Conclusions The views and conclusions of this research can find practical implementation for industrial enterprises in the current digital environment. However, the establishment, application and promotion of enterprises' digital capabilities and the mechanism on how affect business model innovation are a complex, long-term and dynamic process. Whether enterprises in different industries or in different regions can obtain the same research conclusions in different development stages and different economic environments remains to be further studied.

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27 мая 2025 г. исполнилось 75 лет доктору социологических наук, профессору кафедры государственного и муниципального управления ЮРИУ РАНХиГС Владимиру Антоновичу Сологубу.