No. 2 (2024)

State and municipal services, as a function of public authority, are integrated into the interests and needs of the entire population. It is difficult to overestimate their social importance in view of their constant use by most citizens of the country. At the same time, contradictory approaches to the disclosure of the socio-economic content of this category, concerns about the appearance of the market term «service» in the public administration system continue to generate discussions in the scientific community on this problem. This is particularly evident in education and health services. The present study reveals a variety of modern approaches to this problem, clarifies their essential content and purpose, identifies features in comparison with other types of services.

Determining the prospects for the development of socio-economic systems is associated with the procedures for developing a strategy, usually based on the results of an analysis of external and internal environmental factors and the subsequent determination of goals, from which the core of the strategy is formed. However, the distribution of methods for implementing strategy development algorithms and their combination largely depends on the object of development. The university's postgraduate studies are specific both in terms of regulatory support and the structure of the postgraduate course itself. Of particular interest is the university’s graduate school, the structure of which is distributed across a branch network, which opens up the possibility of considering the prospects for the development of graduate school from the point of view of the ecosystem approach. The work shows that with the help of well-known methods and procedures for conducting analysis and synthesis within the framework of the proposed algorithm, it is possible to build strategic prospects for the development of a network of postgraduate schools of university branches, aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the defense of postgraduate graduates, while solving the problems of the development of territories, government and business in based on synergistic effects characteristic of ecosystems.

The article substantiates the relevance of modern organizational and management approaches to the development of organizational behavior of personnel. The role of behavior types and work values of the organization's employees, which resulted in the motivational model of organizational behavior of the staff, is revealed. Taking into account the identified motivational types of personnel, a set of methods for the development of organizational behavior of employees, including scientific-methodological, informational, andragogical and socio-communicative approaches is proposed. The study shows that organizational behavior is one of the key elements of the personnel management system, the effectiveness of which determines the management result and the financial success of the enterprise.

The article studies the conceptual foundations for solving a significant-actual problem - managing a trade-export organization in the context of international business development in an unstable exogenous environment. The purpose of the study is to provide a detailed analysis of the key theoretical-conceptual issues of management and to justify a set of strategic decisions that contribute to the growth of Russian trade-export organizations' competitiveness in the international market. The system-analytical and comparative theoretical methods, as well as actual works of scientists-economists, revealing some problematic components of managing in trade-export organizations, formed the methodological basis of the research. Both positive and negative experience of strategic planning in trade-export organizations in the context of modern challenges and trends in international business is demonstrated, the stages of strategic planning, the implementation of which ensures the achievement of long-term goals of the organization, are proposed and substantiated. It is shown that in the conditions of increasing competitiveness of the international environment the focus of the concept of increasing the potential of trade-export organization managing is a holistic approach to strategic management, which implies clearly designed and functioning in interaction systems of strategic planning, marketing, logistics and finance, promoting the development of international business.

In the article, the author examines those tools for the development of tourist clusters that can be used by public authorities at the federal and regional levels as part of their formation of program documents aimed at supporting the industry and the processes of cluster formation in it. The author proposes to consider an algorithm for using a program-oriented approach during the formation and development of tourist clusters, taking into account the expediency of prioritizing the tasks of developing the tourism industry in some regions of the Russian Federation. The author also identifies a problem in the system used to assess the implementation of the goals set for industry departments, which consists in the fact that there is a certain discrepancy between the developed system of target indicators and those tasks that are defined to achieve the main goal of the development of domestic tourism. At the same time, correct assessment procedures and a well-built system of indicative indicators to assess the level of implementation of cluster initiatives will allow to intensify investment activities in the tourism cluster through subsidizing mechanisms from the federal budget, expanding preferential lending programs provided by financial organizations, public-private partnerships, and at the stages of development of the tourism cluster - to ensure its self-financing.

The article is devoted to the study of the transformation of the goals and values of local governments in the context of the formation of public authority in Russian Federation. Within the framework of the study, the issues of the conceptual contradiction between the goals of the activities of local governments and public authorities are addressed. The prospects for the development of the goals of local governments and the emergence of new values in the context of the functioning of the system of public authorities are analyzed. Proposals are made to eliminate conceptual contradictions in the development of the goals and values of local governments and public authorities. The issue of developing the values of local self-government through the institution of territorial public self-government, which acts as a condition for the formation of a civil society with inherent characteristics, is considered.

The presented article describes the essence and economic content of a quasi-corporate approach to the management of modern regions, which are independent subjects of economic relations with key stakeholders of their development. As part of the study, the author's approach to the formation of competitive sustainability of the regional economy is presented based on systemic management of the competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the territorial product. The result of the study was a strategic matrix of measures to achieve the competitive sustainability of the region, which can be implemented in the road maps of executive authorities to clarify plans for long-term socio-economic development in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and also a conceptual model for managing the competitive sustainability of the region has been developed from the perspective of a systems approach, which complements current economic research in this field.

The need for the use of new, digital forms of organization of monetary and financial settlements with foreign partners, as well as the formation of a national system of secure payments. The article presents the result of analysis of motivations of introduction of digital currencies of central banks (positive and negative moments of the considered process). The article gives an overview of existing international payment systems, including the Russian one, and identifies advantages and disadvantages. The main tendencies of the cryptocurrency market as a possible mechanism of formation of decentralized finance are considered.

One of the acute problems of the modern development of Russia is the uneven development of territorial entities. The proposed study examines the existing problems in spatial development that do not meet the national interests of the country. The purpose of the study is to focus the attention of public authorities at the federal, regional and local levels on the existence of imbalances in the economic, social, and cultural development of territories and regions that do not protect the national and economic interests of Russia. It is noted that the existing spatial development strategy does not ensure the sustainable development of regions and a direct link between space and economic security has been identified. New approaches are proposed in the spatial development of the country in order to ensure economic security. The results of the study can be used by public authorities in strategic planning.

Entrepreneurship is a priority area for the development of the Russian economy. Thanks to the functioning and development of small and medium-sized businesses, new jobs are being created, technologies, spheres and industries are developing, the quality of goods and services is improving, and modernization is taking place. The article discusses various approaches to the definition of entrepreneurship as a special type of economic entities and the peculiarities of the development of Russian entrepreneurship, provides statistical data. The authors conclude that creating favorable conditions for the functioning and development of business, financial, tax and other types of state support are significant measures, The Government is committed to the development of the enterprise sector and contributes to the sustainable growth of the country’s economy.

The article examines the specific characteristics of post-industrial economy, including the increase in the share of services in the structure of GDP and employment, the increasing role of information and technology in the activities of organizations. The presented features of post-industrial economy lead to qualitative changes in the factors of economic development, including entrepreneurship. In this regard, it is necessary to analyze the role of entrepreneurship as a factor of stimulating economic development in the modern post-industrial economy. The research analyzes statistical data on the development of the service sector and service entrepreneurship in Russia and foreign countries. In the process of historical and economic analysis the distinctive characteristics of entrepreneurs of industrial and post-industrial period of economic development are compared. The conclusions about the role of entrepreneurship as a factor of stimulating economic development in modern conditions are obtained.

Introduction. The relevance of the study is caused by the challenges facing the vocational education system, the regional labor market, and the entrepreneurship system as a whole. Purpose of the study. The purpose of the study is to reveal the state of the secondary vocational education system in the Northwestern Federal District, to assess the structure of personnel training in the vocational education system. Methods. The research methodology is based on the continuity of the processes of dialectic development of the secondary vocational education system and the demand of the labor market, medium and small businesses in the current economic conditions. Based on the methods of structural-functional analysis and synthesis, it became possible to identify the main directions of training professional personnel. The object of the study is the system of secondary vocational education in the Northwestern Federal District. Results. The results of the study are a comprehensive analysis of the main characteristics of the secondary vocational education system in the Northwestern Federal District: the number of students, incl. for full-time education, for enlarged groups of training specialties, analysis of the quality of admission to professional educational programs in the context of vocational training groups in the regions of the North-Western Federal District, analysis of the state of the material and technical base of the vocational training system. Conclusions. The results of summarizing the directions of further research of the system of secondary vocational education made it possible to identify the leading directions of scientific discourse on the state of vocational training, to identify the leading structural characteristics of the coincidence of the state order and business needs, the organization of management in the system for improving the quality of implementation of educational programs implemented by institutions of the secondary vocational education system.

Modern economic realities, strict monetary policy, high level of competition among small and medium-sized businesses, damage to banks from fraudulent schemes actualize the issues of credit risk management methods and the development of tools to minimize losses from fraud. In world practice, about two hundred methods of assessing the creditworthiness of a borrower are used, but the question of how to manage credit risks in order to minimize the degree of fraudulent actions on the part of legal entities remains relevant. The relevance is increasing, including the desire of credit institutions to increase the level of economic security and the quality of the loan portfolio and the emergence of new fraud schemes on the part of unscrupulous borrowers.

The article examines the current trends in the digitalization of the banking sector, analyzing the impact of new technologies on banking services and operations, which is an integral part of the modern world and is actively developing in Russia. The article is aimed at researching the digital maturity of banking organizations and their readiness for global changes within the framework of digital transformation. The author draws attention to several key aspects, such as fast payment systems (SBPs), payment stickers, Buy Now Pay Later (BNPL) and the introduction of the Digital Ruble. The relevance of the study is to identify the importance of digital technologies to improve the efficiency and convenience of financial transactions, and considers their potential and possible risks. The methodological base of the study is based on the analysis of data from information and analytical reviews of the SDI360 digital audit agency together with experts from partner companies. In general, the article provides an overview of current trends in digitalization in the banking sector and emphasizes their importance for the development of the industry. The practical significance of this article lies in the fact that it will help banking professionals and managers to better understand current trends in digitalization and their impact on the banking sector. This will allow them to make more informed decisions when developing and implementing digital strategies, as well as improve the quality of services and operations provided. The scientific significance of the article lies in the fact that it provides an analysis of current trends in digitalization in the banking sector based on current data and research. This can be useful for scientists, students and anyone interested in the development of the banking industry in the context of the digital economy. The article can also serve as a basis for further research in this area. Thus, the article on current trends in digitalization in the banking sector has both practical and theoretical significance, contributing to the development of the banking industry and scientific understanding of digital transformation in this area.

With the deepening of industrialization, modernization and urbanization, global environmental and resource problems are becoming more and more serious, and the development of a green economy is becoming an important global trend that is also reflected at the regional level. The goal of the study is to analyze the key factors determining green economic trends and to attempt to determine the future directions of these trends themselves. The methodological basis of the study was formed by analytical and comparative methods, as well as relevant works of scientists devoted to the study of trends and factors of green economy development, primarily in the regional context. The results of the analysis show that, firstly, the connotation of the essence of the green economy is constantly evolving and becoming broader. The Sustainable Development Goals perspective emphasizes that a green economy is a low-carbon, environmentally friendly and sustainable model of the dynamic trajectory. Secondly, the system of relevant tools for assessing and indicating the trends of the green economy is becoming increasingly multidimensional in terms of reflecting the parametric characteristics of environmentally oriented development of the regional economy. Thirdly, there is a gradual transformation in the methods of researching the factors of impact on the green economy development, expressed in the transition from unilinear causal analysis to multidimensional non-linear network one, covering not only explicit but also implicit factors. It is shown that future research in this area will be increasingly interdisciplinary, practically orientated towards the development of regional green policies.

Recently, the issues of improving the management of Russian state property located abroad have become particularly relevant. This is evidenced by the recent decisions of the President of the Russian Federation, discussions in the expert community and in the scientific literature. The problems of protecting and preventing the loss of foreign Russian assets related to the sanctions imposed by foreign countries are acute. The regulatory framework governing the management of such property needs to be improved. A non-standard approach to the search and accounting of foreign property is required. New tools are needed to improve the management of foreign Russian assets.

Preserving and maintaining economic security is the most important task of any state. This is especially true for the modern Russian economy, which is currently undergoing significant transformation. The Russian Federation is concentrating its efforts on strengthening its economic sovereignty and increasing the country's attractiveness for foreign business. In view of this, much attention was paid to the development of special administrative regions in order to return capital flowing to foreign offshore companies to Russian jurisdiction, as well as to create a favorable environment for the return and re-registration of quasi-Russian companies. The article analyzes the results of the implementation of the trend towards redomiciliation of Russian companies, and also provides an assessment of the effectiveness of the re-registration carried out using the example of a business entity.

The article analyzes educational services, highlights current trends in educational services and the main directions of digital systems in the field of education. The types of educational process management systems are considered. The article analyzes the supply of educational systems on the Russian market, as well as programs included in the Unified Register of Russian Software, and examines the structure of educational systems in two areas: systems for organizing online courses and systems for corporate training, as part of the personnel system. Based on the analysis of these products, the main proposed tools of digital educational services in the field of professional education offered on the Russian market are identified.

These days, governments are actively increasing the introduction of new GovTech solutions in order to improve the efficiency of public authorities work. The digital government, as a key concept of the public sector digitalization, is the next stage in the evolution of public administration, which is aimed at accelerating the decision-making process at the state and municipal levels, improving the interaction with citizens and public organizations, as well as increasing the level of trust in the authorities. The article analyses GovTech technologies and the principles of their introduction, the stages of public sector digital maturity. The COVID-19 pandemic was identified as the driver of the government digitization, but in the long run, the reactive policy should move to a complete reorganization of public administration systems in terms of the introduction of new technologies and ensuring cybersecurity. The article assesses the main challenges of GovTech introduction, as well as the key GovTech trends. Additionally, the authors analyzed the European and Russian practices of public administration digitalization. An analysis of GovTech concept, conducted by the authors, allowed to determine the conditions of growth of the Russian GovTech market and its prospects and to draw conclusions about the significant potential of Russia to successfully achieve the stage of the digital government.

Four key indicators of climate change - greenhouse gas concentrations, sea level rise, heat and ocean acidification - are setting new records every year. One of the tools for limiting global warming on the planet is the energy transition, that is, the transition from a fossil fuel-based energy structure to one that produces very limited, if not zero carbon emissions. The aim of the article is to examine the concept of energy transition through the prism of historical evolution. Methods: system analysis, comparison, generalization, systematization. Results: the causes and essence of the energy transition phenomenon are considered. Special attention is paid to the causes and trends of the fourth energy transition. The problem of energy transition risks in the modern geopolitical and socio-economic environment is touched upon. Conclusions: from the historical point of view, energy transitions are not something new. However, today the development of countries on effective scenarios to combat climate change requires efforts both in the field of international cooperation and in the field of achieving domestic political consensus, i.e. the formation of political, public and expert opinion that shares the principles of energy transition.

The author of the study addresses the peculiarities of structural changes in political processes in the context of an interformational transition caused by the crisis of objective capitalist production relations. Based on the analysis of the dynamic model of the political process by G. Almond and J. The author concludes that modern political and economic transformations no longer allow us to effectively describe the structure of the political process from the point of view of established theoretical models built in the era of stable economic growth. Changes in the actor-resource base of political processes, generating new actors and modernizing the resource base of political interactions, are explained by the transition to network and horizontal management formats that destroy capitalist verticals and hierarchies. The author identifies new types of political actors and resources, and also attempts to describe the trends of their interaction through the prism of economic and technological transformations. In addition, it is suggested that it is more logical to study the structure of the political process in modern conditions from the point of view of actor-network theory, focused on the description of "assemblies" that take into account the multifactorial and chaotic nature of politics.

The article discusses various modern scientific approaches to the study of terrorist threats and the development of anti-terrorist tools. The study revealed that they all place research accents in different ways and there is no comprehensive approach to the analysis of this socially dangerous political phenomenon. One of the new interdisciplinary research areas may be terrorism, which comprehensively and comprehensively studies and identifies terrorist threats. The authors conclude that the development of programs to combat terrorism should be preceded by a comprehensive analysis of the problem using the scientific tools of a new scientific field - terrorism.

The article analyzes the characteristic features of information wars of a political orientation. Today, information wars are an integral element of the political system, acting as an instrument of political governance. The specificity of information warfare lies primarily in the fact that the fighting takes place in the plane of virtual space. It was revealed that the worldwide information computer network has brought information warfare to a new level, becoming a powerful tool for implementing information attacks. This trend is reflected in the political conflicts that occur within the boundaries of the information field.

The scientific work is based on the correlation of migration processes with the state of the labor market and examines the impact on the balance of supply and demand. The article analyzes the dynamics of migration and emigration in the Russian Federation and the city of Kursk. Special attention was paid to the migration flows of highly qualified specialists (within the framework of the resettlement program for former fellow citizens). The regulatory framework for regulating migration within the powers of federal authorities and authorities of the subjects is considered. The features of the migration policy in modern Russia are studied. The scientific works of various authors on the topic of migration are compared and comparatively analyzed within the framework of a retrospective.

The legislative body plays a key role in the development and implementation of the state’s socio-economic strategy. The article explores the importance of the legislature in the formation and implementation of socio-economic strategy. She analyzes the role of parliament in developing laws and policies that affect the social and economic development of society. By presenting a review of relevant literature and research findings, the article examines how legislatures engage in decision-making and the formulation of laws aimed at supporting economic growth, social justice and sustainable development. Control and feedback mechanisms that allow parliament to assess the effectiveness of the implementation of the socio-economic strategy are also considered. The article analyzes examples of successful practices, how legislative authorities participate in the development and discusses the importance of the active participation of the legislative body in ensuring the successful implementation of strategic goals and objectives, contributing to the sustainable and equal development of society.

This article examines the need to revise the methodology for implementing state youth policy in connection with changes in the country's political course and emerging threats to national security. The problems of youth radicalization through social networks, social and civic activity of modern youth in Russia are presented, and the methodology of the genesis of youth organizations is studied. In conclusion, the authors proposed their own steps to mitigate the emerging threats and revise the regulatory framework.

The formation of Russian liberalism in the 19th century doctrinally followed the path of historically determined development in the context of the Western-centric paradigm. However, political events in Russia at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries made significant adjustments to the further development of liberal ideology. Based on institutional and historical-comparative approaches, a study was conducted of the theoretical heritage of Russian liberalism, its features were noted, and it was proven that the contribution of Russian scientists of the late 19th century can become the basis for developing a strategy for the further development of Russian statehood in the modern geopolitical situation.

The article analyzes the internal and external factors influencing the development of tourism, including government policy, economic trends, infrastructural opportunities and international cooperation. Special attention is paid to the conceptual criteria defining tourism as a change of location, temporary stay and non-commercial travel purposes. The authors of the article consider the current trends and risks associated with tourism in Russia, as well as consider strategies and measures that can contribute to the sustainable development of the tourism industry in the country. The article offers a comprehensive approach to assessing the tourism potential of Russian regions, emphasizing the importance of separating attractiveness and quality of service in order to optimize tourist flows and increase the attractiveness of Russian tourism for both domestic and foreign visitors.

This article attempts to understand how the social support of State authorities can prevent the negative impact on the institution of the family in terms of changes in various social trends and changes in the political culture of Russians. It explores the relationship between the State and the family in the context of the support factor. The relevance of the article is due to such factors: firstly, 2024 was declared the Year of the Family in the Russian Federation in order to show the importance of the institution of the family for the state, secondly, the inevitability of overcoming differences in the interpretations of social features of changing the institution of family valuesin domestic scientific thought.

The research is devoted to the study of the influence of the transformation of civilizational determinants on the processes of formation of the political and administrative elite of modern Russia. Through the prism of geopolitical analysis, the authors state that the current phase of globalization is undergoing deep systemic and structural crises, causing changes in the factors shaping the contours of modern civilizations. These factors are the determinants of civilizational development, the transformation of which is observed in several main areas. The authors believe that the civilizational approach to the analysis of global processes better reflects the real picture of the formation of a multipolar world and civilizations than the idealistic one, and also helps to fix and understand the metamorphoses in the generation and behavior of political elites. Thus, Russia's conservative turn towards positioning itself as a local civilization leads to noticeable changes in the process of elitogenesis, becoming nationally oriented, centralized and ideologized. Consequently, the authors conclude that civilizational factors in the near future will determine the appearance of the elite groups of the Russian state-civilization.

The article is devoted to understanding the importance of the role of youth public organizations in the patriotic education of modern youth and the development of a patriotic society as a whole. As a result of a sociological analysis of scientific literature, the author comes to the conclusion that the positive image and main mission of youth public organizations is implemented in the following 12 priority areas: 1) forming the spiritual and cultural foundations for the development of a patriotic society; 2) formation of attitudes towards cooperation, collectivism, and charity among young people; 3) promoting the implementation of youth initiatives through the inclusion of youth in project activities; 4) development of creative activity of young people and their inclusion in a “patriotically oriented socio-educational environment”; 5) using the Internet; 6) social support for certain vulnerable categories of youth; 7) development of military-patriotic education; 8) physical development of youth and development of youth tourism; 9) strengthening mutual trust between young citizens based on ensuring security, countering extremism and xenophobia; 10) creating a support system for talented youth; 11) introduction of special patricentered subjects in educational institutions; 12) formation of the image and dissemination of symbols of the patriotic society.

Using the example of commemorative practices of preserving the historical memory of the feat of the Azerbaijani people and its contribution to the Great Victory, this article examines the mechanisms and tools used by the national governments of the post-Soviet countries through which national identity is being remodeled. The authors come to the conclusion about the need for a historical and sociological analysis of the remodeling of national identities when building directions for the development of international relations and alliances by the states of the post-Soviet space.

The article examines data from sociological surveys of young residents in the Arkhangelsk agglomeration (Pomorye, territory of the Arctic zone of Russia). Particular emphasis is made on indicators characterizing the state of historical memory and assessments in relation to the historical education of persons aged 18-25. The materials are presented in the context of the fundamental provisions of the Russian nation-building policy of the early 2020s and in their connection with modern concepts of patriotism and civic identity. The data is also compared with nationwide surveys on similar topics during the same period. In general, the trend towards strengthening the all-Russian civic identity of young people is confirmed, parallel to the trend towards a decrease in «regional» patriotism. However, there is no unity among young people in understanding the very concept of a civil nation and the foundations of its formation. It is also confirmed that the identified trend is one of the foundations of the problematic state of basic historical education of young people, and especially acute in terms of knowledge of regional history. At the same time, the youth of the region are, on the one hand, the bearer of a potentially high interest in the history of the country and region, and on the other hand, they realize it at the basic level of historical memory, i.e. at the level of family history. The results of the study indicate that young people will objectively demand a more active use of such tools for stimulating, supporting and satisfying interest in history, such as museum projects and cinema. These industries, along with historical education at school, are considered as the main tools for the formation of emotionally charged historical memory as the basis for a developed civic identity and «active patriotism» among the generation that in the next decade will form the basis of the political, economic, scientific and cultural elite of the Russian Federation.

Subject. Presidential elections as an indicator of internal political stability in the Russian Federation. Purpose. Identification of factors of political stability in the Russian society capable to influence the electoral behavior of citizens, their attitude to various political institutions and actors, as well as affect the results of presidential elections. Results. The processes that took place during the election of the President of the Russian Federation since the beginning of the 2000s were considered. Based on the data of the Central Electoral Commission, the results of voting for the country as a whole and for individual regions were analyzed. It was noted that the ability to overcome difficulties at crucial moments for the state predetermined certain victories of V.V. Putin in elections. Methodology. The article uses general scientific methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, method of comparative analysis, system and structural-functional approaches, statistical method. Scope. The results of the study can be applied in the practical activities of public politicians, state and municipal government bodies, in the development of general and special courses in political science, conflict science, national and regional security, political regionalism. Findings. The stability of the functioning of the structured political system and the high percentage of voters in the presidential elections clearly lie in effective action to ensure the well-being of citizens, the traditions of the national political culture.

At what levels is the content of modern environmental education in our country being implemented and based on what is it being "built" today? How does the continuity of eco-education affect the achievement of a high level of ecological culture of the population? And, finally, is there a counter-response to this state request in society, in particular among children and youth, orienting them to eco-education and practical participation in solving a complex of environmental problems and ensuring environmental safety? Attempting to analyze state measures to improve environmental education, the author identifies deficits and barriers, determines opportunities for the effective development of environmental education in the context of its continuity, taking into account the formation of a public-state request for the eco-cultural and career-oriented component of children and youth.

The article studies the political culture of state civil and municipal employees of a specific territory of the Russian Federation - the Ural Federal District. The purpose of the study is to identify UrFO territories with the most developed political culture among state civil and municipal employees. The author maintains a well-known statement about the interrelation of factors influencing political culture - it is economic and educational. To these factors, they added - and also scientific, because today in the information society, science largely determines the development of the economy. In the course of the study, the Sverdlovsk and Chelyabinsk regions were the most successful in terms of all factors. The exceptions are the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous District and Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, which have the highest standard of living, wages and excellent supplies due to the development of oil and gas production, but the level of education and science development lags behind.

The political elite in modern elitology is studied through the prism of multidirectional concepts, each of which provides its own markers for delineating the boundaries of elitism. The author considers the problems of shaping the contours of the phenomenon of the political elite in the evolutionary development of approaches, examines the life cycle processes peculiar to elite groups. It is concluded that there are universal properties as well as concepts justifying them, a study of more specific local features has been conducted, and a corpus of relevant techniques has been disclosed. Having proposed a triad of cluster properties in the context of methodological triangulation, the author highlights the process of aggregation of a more valid integral set of characteristics of political elites.

The article analyzes the contradictions and prospects of the process of re-industrialization as an expression of industrial policy in the modern Russian state. The article compares the conceptual approaches to the interpretation of the essence of post-industrial economic development that have been developed in the Western tradition. The concepts of “post-industrialism” and “re-industrialism” are characterized as close in meaning and origins, but at the same time containing fundamental differences. They are related to the globalist neoliberal orientation of the theory of post-industrial society, which questions the value and content of the sovereign national way of economic and political development. The author of the article proposes a number of imperatives of re-industrialization, following which will ensure the continuity and efficiency of import substitution, as well as the restoration of industrial potential, taking into account the introduction of the latest scientific and technological domestic developments. The key point of the state industrial policy, based on the understanding of the role of knowledge in production and social sphere, is to provide institutional conditions for reindustrialization, its legal strengthening and development of a system of risk mitigation for private business as a way to stimulate investment in innovation.

This article offers an analysis of the modern landscape of Russian non-profit organizations that are active participants in public and state youth policy events. The main categories of non-profit organizations of social and political orientation are highlighted. The existing practices of participation of politically oriented non-profit organizations in the implementation of state youth policy measures are characterized. Conclusions are drawn about the viability and effectiveness of the activities of non-profit organizations in relation to the implementation of key areas of state youth policy in the Russian Federation. Promising forms of participation are considered in connection with the novelties currently being fixed in Russian legislation.

The article analyses the characteristics, goals and consequences of the US digital hegemony. The article argues that this hegemony has allowed the United States to maintain global leadership in innovation and to use its dominant position in cyberspace to unilaterally influence other countries. As a result of US digital hegemony, the rules of global data governance have become fragmented and issues such as cybersecurity, cross-border data flows and digital sovereignty have attracted widespread international attention. The "game" between the US and China around digital governance issues has escalated and is reflected in geopolitical and economic dimensions, influencing the shaping of global digital governance. The article argues that it is necessary to promote a more democratic and inclusive global digital order, mitigate the effects of unilateral rulemaking by the US and other countries, and promote the balanced development of the global digital economy.

The article examines the problem of forecasting social behavior in the crisis conditions of Russian society. Before proceeding to the consideration of this issue, the author analyzes the concept of social forecasting, highlights its main functions and stages, and notes that forecasting is associated with anticipating the direction of development of a certain social phenomenon in the future, which is realized by transferring to it ideas about how this phenomenon develops in the present. The author notes that in the conditions of the crisis state of functioning of Russian society, the value of information obtained through social forecasting techniques is manifested in the role that this information plays in determining the goals of state anti-crisis policy, the management system of socio-economic processes as a whole. After that, the author proceeds to consider the main methods of forecasting social behavior, indicates that the practice of social forecasting indicates the expediency of using combined methods, which is especially relevant in relation to forecasting social behavior. It is concluded that it is necessary to use various forecasting methods, which can make it possible to determine the dynamics of social behavior in crisis conditions with the highest degree of probability.

This article consists the detailed overview of the transformations of party system of Georgia at the beginning of the current century, since the time of «Rose Revolution» to present days. It considers the main events of «Rose Revolution» and the results of parliamentary elections in Georgia, between 2003 and 2020. Author also pays attention to the biggest conflicts between the governing party and the opposition, including «Rose Revolution» and the massive protest actions against the policy of the governing party, which have been organized by the oppositional parties. It reveals the political conflict between the governing party and the current president of Georgia, which may affect the party system of Georgia.

The article proposes a conceptual model of political investment of business, which reflects the political and economic realities of the modern Russian state. In the conditions of unprecedented external pressure on the national economy, political investment by representatives of business circles at the federal and regional levels is one of the effective tools that contribute to the strengthening of internal dialog between society and government represented by public institutions. Also, political investment provides an increase in stability and investment attractiveness of the economy as a whole, reduces the riskiness and corruption component. The author of the article proposes as an initial theoretical and methodological platform for the meaningful disclosure of political investment as a category of political science analysis the classical concept of corporation, which is historically linked to the concept of civil society. The central idea that political investment expresses is the mediation of private and public interests.