Vol. 1 No. 3 (2018)

Empirical evidence suggests that the informal sector is the important, and even the main source of employment in many countries, mainly developing and poorly developed. Work in the informal sector represents the only source of income for the population in countries with high poverty levels. At the same time, the expansion of this sector has a negative impact on income level throughout the economy. Therefore, the study of macroeconomic consequences of the informal sector is of both research and empirical interest. The present study reviews the existing definitions of the informal sector, as well as foreign experience of elaborating general equilibrium models with informal sector. This review will be useful for developing a similar model for Russia.

The subject of the study is the features of measuring, evaluating and analyzing the level and quality of life of the population of the region for the purposes of evaluating the effectiveness of social and economic policies carried out by the regional authorities and developing an optimal strategy for the socio-economic development of the region. The objects of the study are the regions of the Russian Federation. A new approach to the comparative evaluation of the level and quality of life in the regions is proposed, based on tracking the dynamics of the region's movement as a certain point in the space of two coordinates: the objective indicator "per capita incomes of the population", connected with the level of life, and the second objective indicator "life expectancy", connected with the quality of life in the region. Analysis of the movement of the region in the space in time will make it possible to visually evaluate the consequences of the socio-economic development strategy implemented in the region.

The relevance of motivation research of the modern universities staff is caused by priorities of development of Russia towards social and economic orientation. In this regard education is the most important component of economic growth of the country: it is impossible to achieve development of technologies without quality education which granting is provided by motivated research and educational personnel, including young scientists and graduate students. In the article problems of the analysis and development of system of motivation lecturers and young scientists at the modern universities rise. In this article within the systematization of approaches and theories of motivation existing in science and also by means of sociological poll the research of essence, factors of motivation of lecturers and young scientists is conducted. As empirical results division of lecturers and young scientists into clusters according to their priorities and motives of work is carried out.

The article deals with scientific approaches to determining the nature and nature of the relationship between regional potential and the digital economy. The specifics of the federal and regional legislation on the directions of strategic planning and development of regional socio-economic systems have been revealed in accordance with the goals and directions of building and developing the digital economy as one of the key components of the information society. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of regional potential and the opportunities for creating conditions for the development of elements of the digital economy in the Southern Federal District. The authors come to the conclusion that the regional potential is the basis of the resource base for the creation and use of elements of the digital economy in various spheres of social and economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation.

Modern magistracy programs should comprise is now widely used in the world. Cognitive, metacognitive, affective strategies assist the development of design-thinking their aim is creation of a product is capable to exist by itself.

The article examines the issues of efficient use of human resources potential in the sphere of public budget purchases. With the transition to the digital basis of most of the functions of public budget purchases and the need for specialists with a proper level of competence in digital and procurement spheres, the authors consider the potential of the digital personal development trajectory for the contract manager. The possibilities of implementing the requirements for the professional management of the customer's purchasing policy in the contract system through the proposed trajectory of the professional development of specialists in the procurement sphere are determined by arguments.

The article deals with the issues of investment acceleration as a tool of regional development. It is shown, that among the problematic and key issues is the increase of the investment attractiveness of the territory, the development of infrastructure, improving the efficiency of the financial system and the development of competition. It is noted, that the current situation requires the search for new approaches, including the development of public-private partnership, including project financing and infrastructure mortgage. It is concluded, that the growth of the share of investments in the GDP structure is possible only with a significant change in the structure of expenditures in the economy from current to investment.

Currently, project management as a tool to achieve strategic goals is not fully used in the practice of management at the regional level. Project management methods are applied only to individual projects. An important aspect for the regions actively implementing the project approach in management is the introduction of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of the use of the entire set of tools for project activities at the level of Federal and regional Executive authorities. Modern management of state and regional projects is still based mainly on the functional approach, firmly rooted in the practice of public authorities, but in some regions there is already a positive dynamics of the introduction of methods and tools of project management in the activities of individual regional and Federal public authorities.

The article discusses the advantages, features, perspectives, as well as the problems of the implementation of the project approach in the work of public authorities. The article studies the problems of personnel work of the implementation of the project approach in the work of public authorities. The article emphasizes the relevance of increasing the project competence of specialists of public authorities.

The article presents a four-level model of integration of the public management system, reflecting the risks of the technical level. As an instrument for leveling and eliminating the above problems and risks, it is proposed to use the author's software product E-CCM, which provides a synergistic effect of interaction between the technological system and the intellectual potential of society representatives.

The article analyzes the legal sources, which contain the concepts associated with microfinance organizations and their functional activities. According to the results of the study, it was possible to systematize the main business activities of the subjects under consideration. Among them, the provision of loans before wages, consumer loans and financing of small and medium-sized businesses. Based on the results of the work, the idea of the most typical characteristics of clients of microfinance organizations is formulated.

The article examines in detail the current problems of the domestic construction complex, including at the regional level. On the basis of this work, the prerequisites for improving the organizational and economic mechanism of management of this segment were revealed. The author formulated the definition of this concept and systematized its key elements. In addition, it was proposed to create an effective management system based on a single regional network of construction companies.

A comparative analysis of the trends of birth, mortality, and fertility rate has carried out in the Russian Federation and in the Kyrgyz Republic. The trends of birth, mortality and fertility rate in Russia (1990-2015) show the entrance of the country into 5th phase of demographic transition. The demographic situation in Russia might be more catastrophic without massive immigration from the former Soviet republics. The birth rate significantly exceeded the mortality rate in 1960-2015 in the Kyrgyz Republic and the fertility rate was high during this period. This demographic trend increased the number of population. The Kyrgyz Republic is on the second demographic transition however there are elements of 3rd and 4th phase of the demographic transition.

In the presented article, foreign economic aspects of international commodity exchange processes are considered, aimed at improving the functioning and development of transport modules of business entities, taking into account integration processes in the world economy.

The article argues that international and domestic experience in the implementation of projects of social entrepreneurship poses new challenges for business structures that require a reassessment of the problems and prospects for the development of this phenomenon in the conditions of modern Russia. Social entrepreneurship for the current state of the economy can be called a kind of activity that harmoniously combines the social mission inherent in the mission of the organization with entrepreneurial innovation, accompanied by innovative social technologies. The article deals with the development of the mission of social and entrepreneurial projects. The authors analyze the process of searching for new ideas and formulating the mission of a socially oriented entrepreneurial project, and also give specific examples.

In the article the analysis of industrial sector of Rostov region dynamics in last years is presented. The prospects of development of clusters in machinery-building, light, atomic branches of industry are considered. The author determined main tendencies and forms of implementation of industrial policy in Rostov region.

This article is devoted to the analysis of growth rates of agriculture in Norway, which are acceptable for use in Russia. The dynamics of population, GDP, GNI per capita, arable land area, as well as livestock and crop production are considered. The purpose of the study is to identify the factors of development of agriculture in Norway, on the basis of which conclusions are made about the priorities of transformation of the agricultural sector of the economy.

The article considers the problem of increasing the efficiency of land administration at the municipal level in the Russian Federation, in particular, in the territory of the Pachelmsky district of the Penza region. The author's model of the organizational-economic mechanism aimed at forming strategies for the integrated development of the territory of the municipal formation is proposed. Within the framework of the proposed model, the main indicators of the functioning of the territory of the municipality are analyzed and land management tools are considered. Suggested directions for further improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism of land resources management at the municipal level.

In the article the main problems of clusterization of agroindustrial complex in non-Chernozem region are characterized, and in particular flax branch, that is connected with government character of cluster initiatives support. The prerequisites of creation of interregional flax clusters are determined. The authors offer to activate cluster approach by means of federal government programme of support of flax clusters considering subsidizing of cluster projects both in industry and agriculture.

This article analyzes the current state of the Russian grain market on the main indicators, taking into account the implementation of the import substitution program and its impact on the grain industry in Russia. The urgency of the problem of food security of the country, the importance of the impact of foreign trade policy of the Russian Federation was noted. It is defined that grain is the main component of food security of the country. The main features and shortcomings of modern grain economy are allocated, prospects of its development are defined. Dynamics of grain export of the Russian Federation and its share in the world market are considered, the main buyers of the Russian grain are defined. The factors hindering the development of grain exports are investigated, the ways of grain exports development are proposed. The possible ways of solving the problem of food security of the country due to the resumption of public funding, the use of reserves of productivity growth due to the intensification of production, modernization were substantiated article analyzes the current state of the Russian grain market on the main indicators, taking into account the implementation of the import substitution program and its impact on the grain industry in Russia. The urgency of the problem of food security of the country, the importance of the impact of foreign trade policy of the Russian Federation was noted. It is defined that grain is the main component of food security of the country. The main features and shortcomings of modern grain economy are allocated, prospects of its development are defined. Dynamics of grain export of the Russian Federation and its share in the world market are considered, the main buyers of the Russian grain are defined. The factors hindering the development of grain exports are investigated, the ways of grain exports development are proposed. The possible ways of solving the problem of food security of the country due to the resumption of public funding, the use of reserves of productivity growth due to the intensification of production, modernization were substantiated.

This article is devoted to the analysis of agriculture of Finland. It examines the dynamics of population, GDP, GNI per capita and dynamics of production of major crops and productivity of livestock. The study suggests that agriculture fully meets the needs of the country. The aim of the study is to analyze the development of agriculture of Finland, based on which the following conclusions on the priorities to transform the agricultural sector of the economy: agriculture fully meets the needs of the country in meat and dairy products and mainly in food and feed grains; cereals occupy about 1/3 of the cultivated area. Finland is also exporting quite a lot, ranging from agricultural products and finishing engineering.

The article discusses the characteristics of regional (territorial) clusters. The possibilities of creation of developed and latent territorial clusters, determinants and advantages of their development in the fisheries complex of Russia are analyzed. The Far East and North-West of Russia are considered as zones of formation of developed clusters, and the latent cluster zones are the Republic of Karelia and the Kaliningrad region. Taking into account the state of the fishery complex of the Kaliningrad region, proposals for the development of the territorial fishing cluster, directions and measures of its state support at the regional and Federal levels are formulated.

The article considers the development of student entrepreneurship as a constructive factor in the expansion of Eurasian cooperation. The building of a youth policy in the Eurasian space can contribute both to the development of an innovative knowledge economy and the growth of high-tech industries, and to strengthening the links between national and regional political and socio-economic actors from the standpoint of "soft power". The material includes the results of a study of the atmosphere in St. Petersburg universities with measuring the level of tolerance and non-discriminatory behaviour which are necessary for productive interactions with other socio-cultural systems, in particular, for the creation of joint start-ups.

This article is devoted to such an important phenomenon in the study of international terrorism as the ideology of terrorism. The author notes that in the ideology of terrorism there is a certain set of ideas that can reflect the worldview of the terrorist group, expressing the whole complex of its interests. The author indicated the existence of a special form of public consciousness terrorising consciousness, which is different from the well-established in the world of cultural historical and socio-economic realities of the artificially created and the existing detached perception of life to a certain set of people United by a single ideological complex forming of the individual at the level of fanaticism awareness of their own uniqueness and exaggerated importance in the world.

The article reveals topical issues of the formation of state policy in the field of digital transformation. The regulatory legal acts regulating relations in the sphere of digitalization, information technologies were studied. Changes in the field of digitalization are analyzed. The positive experience of foreign countries in the field of digital management is taken into account.

The article presents a retrospective analysis of local government in the system of separation of public power in Russia from the era of the old Russian state to the state of Affairs in the Russian Federation. The role of local self-government has varied greatly and depended on many factors in different historical periods.

In this article, the authors present the results of a pilot sociological survey conducted by them on the study of the opinion of bachelors on the level of the introduction of a competence approach in the educational environment and the activities of state civil servants, the survey of undergraduates, the semantic content analysis of educational and professional standards, and job regulations. The obtained results of the research allow the authors to identify the main conditions and propose mechanisms, under which the competence approach can contribute to the successful professionalization of the civil service.

The problem of social engineering 2.0 is posed. The significance of evaluations of social and engineering competencies, tied to the main stages of the management cycle, is substantiated. The strengths and weaknesses of these competencies are considered. Based on the analysis of the needs of civil servants in the formation of such competencies, a pilot course "Administrative Engineering" is offered.

The article discusses the role and importance of volunteering (for example, the 2018 FIFA world Cup in Russia) as an incentive for intellectual and motor activity of young people, which opens up prospects for professional development in the future. Knowledge of foreign languages is also associated with volunteering as one of the conditions for successful adaptation in the social space. Volunteering contributes to the ability to analyze different situations and find ways to solve problems, take initiative and take responsibility, the ability to process the necessary information. This type of activity contributes to the improvement of team work skills, forms the basis of management and communication.

The article examines the possibilities of applying social management technologies in the sphere of managing the process of forming the social health of Russian student youth. The relevance of this article is determined: first, the growing role of social health of young people in the life of society; secondly, the need to manage the process of forming social health and the lack of a management mechanism for the formation of social health of student youth. As a phenomenon of social practice, social management technology is a set of methods and activities that ensure the formation of social health of young people and raise its level, the achievement of favorable conditions for the life of student youth, its organization, effective social interaction. The authors of the article refer to the general technologies of managing the process of forming the social health of student youth: information, regional, organizational, socio-psychological, communicative.

The article analyzes the problems of the modern theory of elites sectoral socio-political science interdisciplinary character, in the context of the challenges of the XXI century. The authors give an overview of the formation elitologii independently interdisciplinary theory and draw the prospect of its continued existence as a special scientific knowledge. The main leitmotif of the article is that the traditional theory of elites dealt with established social institutions and a political system in which the inputs and outputs have been pre-specified, whereas in the modern world there is a process of collapse of almost all established structures, in particular, the subject of the theory of elites in fact, the elites themselves. The conclusions reached by the authors are such that a new scientific knowledge with innovative terminology and methodology is necessary for an adequate reflection of the new reality.

The problem of influence on the identity of the individual processes of the modern globalized society and shows the change in value of identification grounds under the influence of the globalization process. In the information society, as a new type of society, materially altered identification mechanisms, and changes the very identity of the individual, because the substantial transformation are subjected to the social structure of society and the system of social relations and interactions.

In the framework of an integrative activity approach to the examination of the essence and structure of the motivation of work (E.P. Ilyin) and on the materials of applied sociological research "Professional identity of representatives of societal professions in conditions of precariatizing social and labor relations in Russian megalopolises" (2017), the article analyzes the main motives for professional choice and the prestige level of the medical profession in the assessment of doctors of Russian megalopolises. The questionnaires and interviews were attended by doctors from city budget hospitals in Moscow and Kazan.

The relevance of the study of physical culture and sports as a means of optimizing the training of professional and pedagogical personnel is conditioned by the fact that the health and physical preparedness of students and students is the most important criteria for the physical, social and cultural potential of the individual and society as a whole. Physical and sports education focuses the entire pedagogical system of professional education on a strategically new target approach today the formation of physical culture of the individual. Athletic and sports activities should be aimed at the formation of socially and professionally important qualities of future specialists, since these qualities determine the productivity of a wide range of social and professional activities of a young person.

The article reveals the theoretical and practical aspects of interdisciplinary problems of psychological health, modern ways of providing psychological assistance and the possibility of applying innovative psycho-pedagogical practices and antropotehnologies in the psycho-pedagogical education.

In article dynamics of the attitude towards disabled people is considered, evolution of these relations in Russia and in the West is briefly presented. The diversity and ambiguity of the attitude towards disabled people in modern society is presented. On the basis of the analysis of the all-Russian representative polls on a problem it is shown that development of the benevolent attitude towards persons with restrictions of health becomes a steady tendency of development of the sociocultural environment of modern Russian society.

The ethnolanguage situation in the Russian society has specifics which are expressed in deep and comprehensive interaction and interference of all national languages, at simultaneous existence of bilingualism in the form of the ethnic-Russian. At the official state level equal and free development and use of national (family) languages is proclaimed. By results of a research it is established that to Mountain Jews transformation of language consciousness when they show bilingualism "language of Mountain Jews and Russian at the same time" is characteristic. And it is possible to state low language competence of Mountain Jews when in their mass consciousness about extent of knowledge of the national language judgment "only dominates understand, but don't speak the native language".

The article is devoted to cross-cultural analysis. The technique of cross-cultural analysis in the aspect of developing criteria for assessing certain parameters in the management system is in the focus of attention. The author relies on the methodology of Hofstad, considering it promising, but needing an updating and additions. The author considers the issue of the distance of power in a particular culture to be the central aspect of cross-cultural analysis.

In this article the gender specifics of family culture of modern Dagestan youth are considered. Empirical verification is allowed to come to the conclusion that there are not fundamental gender differences in the family culture of the youth of Dagestan, with the exception of the evaluation of the archaic intentions in the development of family and marriage sector of the Dagestan society, and also to prove that the modernization of family values and norms, penetrating into the family culture of the youth of Dagestan do not affect its basic grounds, which ensures stable and relatively safe development of the family sector of the Dagestan society.

The article is devoted to the study of theoretical foundations and conceptual content of political events as a constituent element of the interaction of power and society through the prism of the communicative aspect. Special attention is paid to the role of the development of the information society and appropriate communication tools for effective preparation and implementation of the political event. Particular emphasis is placed on the specifics and content of submitting various versions of various political events to the society. Also, in the process of research, functions that are designed to fulfill a political event as an element of the communication process of the state and society are designated.

The problem of intermarriage is actively discussed in the scientific community for different reasons. There are a variety of points of view for its consideration. One part of the researchers is inclined to think that interethnic marriage destroys ethnic community. The other researcher adheres to the position that a mixed marriage contributes familiarity with foreign culture and allows formulating the principles of tolerance in the mass consciousness and behavior of people. There is family and marriage behavior of the Mountain Jews in this article. We established that they are characterized by conservatism in this area by the results of an empirical study. The majority of the respondents emphasize the importance of the ethnicity of the future marriage partner. Women are more traditional in this question than men. However, there are the installations in the family and marriage sphere and they do not testify to the orientation of Mountain Jews to ethno-isolationism despite the intensification of assimilation processes.

The article refers to the management activities of the heads of the municipal school. The author identifies the subject aspects of management activity. Considers management functions in management, the basic styles of leadership, the model of effective management organization.

In context of growing economic difficulties, a special place in the system of public administration held discussions about the need of increase the effectiveness of the executive bodies of the Russian Federation. The possibility of implementing one or another tool in this case should be theoretically and practically justified. This article analyzes the possibility of creating a federal shared service center by reflecting the main advantages of implementing such type of tool, classifying the emerging positive effects, structuring the stages of creation and giving examples of the actual implementation shared service centers in life.

The article is devoted to the scientific research in the framework of the formation of the institutional mechanism for development of the electronics industry in the Russian Federation on the basis of network interaction. The key provisions of the article imply the factors and barriers to the development of Russian electronics. In addition, the suggestions have been formulated for the development of the industry in the paradigm of the institutional mechanism as well as the process of transformation of the electronics industry.