Сологуб Владимир Антонович

Introduction. After 2022, the packages of restrictive measures against the Russian Federation took on a qualitatively different character: discrete sanctions actions gave way to the formation of a holistic, layered, and internally consistent system of coercion. At the current stage of economic confrontation, such an architecture requires not so much an inventory of specific prohibitions as an analysis of their structural coherence, mechanisms of mutual reinforcement, and cumulative effects. The relevance of a structural approach stems from the need to understand not only immediate restrictions but also long-term strategic challenges for the country's economic security and development model.Purpose. To conduct a comprehensive analysis of sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation by identifying interconnections between its key components and assessing their evolution from 2014 to 2025, with the aim of revealing the distinctive features of the architecture of sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research was qualitative document analysis, aimed at structuring and systematizing the corpus of sanctions measures. Methods such as secondary data analysis, structural-functional analysis, and comparative analysis were used to process the data.Results. The study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the architecture of sanctions pressure on the Russian Federation from 2014 to 2025. The structural analysis method makes it possible to decompose a unified regime of restrictions into key interrelated blocks: financial, trade-technological, energy, and personal. The focus is on measures introduced by the countries of the «core» of the Western coalition – the United States, the European Union, the United Kingdom, the Switzerland – whose decisions have an extraterritorial effect and form the framework of global restrictions.Conclusions. The structural logic of Western sanctions (especially after 2022) is aimed not at a shortterm policy change, but at a long-term weakening of Russia's technological, financial and logistical independence. The answer to these challenges can only be a comprehensive import substitution strategy, restructuring of financial flows and deep integration with new trading partners, which requires a separate forecasting and management study.

Article is devoted to the analysis of functioning of institute of the government in modern Russia at the federal and regional levels. On the basis of results of sociological researches problems of transparency of the power and trust of the population to it from a position of public opinion are analyzed, the level of need of the population for openness of the power and model of the attitude towards her is defined. The generalizing conclusions and also concrete recommendations about increase in level of transparency and openness of federal government institutions and bodies of executive power of territorial subjects of the Russian Federation are formulated.

The article deals with the thesis of the critical role of conflicts in the public administration sector, which signal power and the public about the existing contradictions that need to be resolved, a mismatch of the citizens of positions on the existing differences. These differences make the government reconsider its objectives, the decisions, the course as a whole; stimulate action that can put the situation under control, to overcome a certain excitement and difficulties in the management process. The authors conducted an analysis of new research money and effort renovating the public administration system, providing a mechanism for its development and adaptation to new and changing conditions.

This article discusses innovation and investment potential of the region, the possibility of providing state support to the subjects of innovation, as well as the key challenges currently hindering innovation development and implementation of competitive advantages of the Rostov region. Particular attention is paid to the dynamics of investment activity and identify innovation factors in the formation of regional economic policy. Defined set of measures necessary to achieve the strategic goal of innovation and investment spheres.

The author uses methodological approaches necessary for the educational model adequate for the challenges of the reality. The article analyzes the changes in the modern society and educational system. The deterioration of the school and teachers cultural position is also underlined in it. Anthropological points are being forced out from education and we come across the imitation of good educational level. The author underlines that pragmatism is the main motive for children and parents` adaptation to the new conditions of the educational activity and it is forcing out the traditional and moral regulators of behavior.

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In the article an attempt is made on the rich sociological material to research the problems of effectiveness of bureaucracy and bureaucratic clientalism in the context of subjective indicators. The author comes to the vast stratum of generalizations in the concrete link to the situation in Russia, which is being constructed in the last decades.