The article examines transhumanism as a modern and at the same time deeply rooted in the past ideological phenomenon. Starting from the approaches of L.Gumilev and E. Fromm, as well as using historical material, the author examines the genesis, essence and characteristics of transhumanism as a socio-anthropological and political phenomenon consonant with the ancient Gnostic worldview, as well as its later historical analogues. The article emphasizes the destructive nature of transhumanism, its promising and at the same time destructive impact on the social structure and political power established in the modern era.
