Sino-Russian interstate projects are generally with the characteristics of large scale, long duration, high technical content, and multiple participants. In the process of project implementation, it will inevitably be affected by many objective conditions such as economy, management, and technology, resulting in certain risks and uncertainties. Therefore, the key factor to improve interstate project management is to control and reduce project risk from the whole life-cycle of the project. Through literature and case analysis, the evaluation indicators suitable for Sino-Russian interstate projects are reasonably selected. Further, through certain methodology, a comprehensive evaluation of risk indicators and guidance for project management is the purpose. The author uses expert interview, brainstorming, and questionnaires to further organize the risk list. The formation of the hierarchical structure and the construction of the risk factor hierarchical model is the first step and important foundation of the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method. The article describes the establishment process of this risk factor hierarchical model in detail. It lays the foundation for the subsequent fuzzy complementary judgment matrix and risk factor importance ranking. The final results provide scientific references for Sino-Russian interstate project management.