Бязрова Джульетта Бароновна

The article analyses different concepts of civil society prevailing in Western scientific thought. The authors noted that a variety of approaches have formed sustainable understanding of concepts such as civil society and the State, identified various facets of relations between political and non-political institutions. Moreover, these relations have demonstrated the basic stages of formation of the liberal-democratic political system in Western European countries.

The article investigates the ideology as a phenomenon and institution of public life, its role and importance in the life of modern society. Defining the functional characteristics of the ideology, the authors position about this phenomenon as a determinant of social practices. In the understanding of the authors of ideology appears in the form of, first, a system of ideas, opinions and beliefs of different social groups, and secondly, the socio-political orientation of social development, thirdly, the process of forming values. There in lies the essence of the social ideology, defining its role in modern society.

This article analyzes the attitudes and expectations of today's youth in the context of social, ethnic, religious factors, the values of its social and political activity in the conditions of crisis experienced today national and cultural identity. The study of the crisis of national identity seems crucial in order to preserve national identity as a determinant of social and cultural dynamics of contemporary society. The authors examine these issues as they relate to one of the subjects of the Russian Federation North Ossetia.

The article is devoted to the problem of tolerance as a moral and spiritual category reflecting actual need of the modern multicultural society. The authors note that trying to find the sense of tolerance in the categories of lenience, indifference, indulgence that are widely presented in the scientific discourse, does not touch the ground of the modern sociocultural situation and its translation as «patience» does not reflect the content of the present concept. Tolerance is interpreted by the authors not as passive unnatural submission to opinions, views, faith of others, it is more exactly an active moral position for the positive interaction with people of other culture, other national and confessional surroundings consisting in respect and acceptance of equality with others and refusal to dominance and violence. It is noted that consolidation and safeguarding of Russian society with all its variety depends to a large extend on the formation of positive tolerance.