Мащенко Юлия Александровна

Introduction. The transformation of Russia's economic inequality in the context of geopolitical challenges and the integration of new regions actualizes the tasks of analyzing the reproductive imbalances of territorial development. The spatial development of the national economy is characterized by a stable asymmetry in the indicators of gross regional product and the actual final consumption of households, which requires a rethink of approaches to regional policy. The integration of the Donetsk and Lugansk People's Republics, Zaporizhia and Kherson regions into the socio-economic space of the Russian Federation takes place in conditions of deep interregional differentiation that has formed at all stages of the reproductive cycle. New regions are characterized by deformed parameters of demographic and economic processes, which necessitates the development of special mechanisms for their spatial development. An analysis of the territorial proportions of the Russian economy shows that the traditional policy of income redistribution, with certain positive results in smoothing social inequality, does not provide qualitative structural shifts in the spatial development of regions. The integration of new territories into the system of inter-regional economic relations requires the formation of a stable production base capable of generating primary incomes and stimulating domestic demand.Purpose. To identify the features of the spatial development of the Russian economy through the analysis of the reproductive parameters of the regions and substantiate the directions of regional policy in the context of the integration of new territories. The key hypothesis is that ensuring sustainable spatial development requires modification of reproduction proportions based on the formation of the production base and the growth of primary incomes of the population, which is especially important for new regions at the initial stage of integration processes.Materials and methods. The data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, presented in information and analytical materials and statistical publications, were mainly used as a statistical and analytical base for the preparation of the study. To reliably record trends in economic differentiation, an array of data has been used since 2000; due to the publication of annual estimates of the gross regional product with a lag of 1.5 years (actually more), calculations are limited to 2023. The use of an array of information transmitted by subjects of federal statistical accounting, administrative data ensures the objectivity and stability of the assessment, the ability to compare the results (subject to the invariance of methods) for different periods / points in time. The methodological basis of the research is a systematic approach, methods of statistical analysis (typological groupings, analysis of series of dynamics, tabular presentation of data).Results. The study identified key trends and factors of regional socio-economic differentiation in the Russian Federation. The task of positive economic alignment remains important, but requires the adaptation of assessment methods (including indicators and their target parameters), mechanisms and tools. The results of the study contribute to the expansion of ideas about the spatial structure of the Russian economy in the context of the implementation of new actors (Azov Sea macro-region).Conclusions. The stable nature of the majority of the imbalances in the territorial development of the Russian Federation, expressed in the asymmetric parameters of the reproduction process, determines the search for means and tools to achieve real progress. The traditional alignment of the levels of regional socio-economic development through the policy of redistribution is not the dominant state regulation at the present stage.

Introduction. Preservation of the population, improvement of well-being and well-being of people are among the long-term priorities of national development in the Russian Federation. Solving a wide range of tasks within the framework of this national goal requires the involvement of a huge amount of financial, primarily budgetary, resources, and, consequently, systematic monitoring and evaluation in various areas: rationality, efficiency, sufficiency, compliance with the socio-demographic structure of society, accessibility and quality of services provided. Purpose. Identification of key trends in the modernization of public finances in the social sphere in the following areas: improvement of the mechanism of state (municipal) assignments and development of competitive mechanisms for the provision of state (municipal) services. Materials and methods. In preparing the article, we used statistical data on the volume and directions of expenditures of the consolidated budget of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation, on the number and structure of organizations in the social sphere, published by the Federal State Statistics Service; data from the unified portal of the budget system of the Russian Federation "Electronic Budget"; the results of a sociological study by the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation "The effectiveness of the implementation of state (municipal) services in the social sphere"; regulatory legal acts; scientific articles. The methods of statistical analysis, expert assessments, and a systematic approach are used. Results. The study revealed the main results of the implementation of measures to improve the efficiency and quality of services in the social sphere, which are financially supported by budgetary funds. At the same time, the problems of insufficient budget financing, the need for additional budget resources to achieve the national goal of improving the quality of life of citizens and solving the problems of increasing accessibility and improving the quality of healthcare, education, and creating a modern comfortable infrastructure are shown. Conclusions. Currently, building an optimal system for the provision and financial support of social services requires not so much instrumental measures aimed at improving the allocation of available funds as attracting additional amounts of budget financing.

Adifferent correlation has been established for different regions of the South of the Russian Federation of the following demographic factors: life expectancy, the ratio of births to deaths, the average life expectancy of men and women, their difference in age, as well as per capita gross regional product. For a world population of about 5 billion people and 51 states of the world, a single natural relationship has been established between an increase in average life expectancy and a decrease in the ratio of the number of births and deaths, regardless of the level of socio-economic development of the regions. The problem of population management in regions and states of different socio-economic levels is associated with the need to solve exclusively socio-economic problems, including in the direction of reducing the difference in the average life expectancy of men and women. Harmonization of the steady state of demographic dynamics is established at the points of the ratio of births and deaths near the golden numbers: 0.618, 1.618, 2.618.

The article considers the main directions of financing measures of social protection of families with children in the Russian Federation. An analysis of the financial instruments of socio-demographic policy aimed at improving the quality and standard of living of families with children was carried out.Particularly relevant is the question of the need to increase the efficiency of budget expenditures in the field of social protection of citizens in the provision of social support measures.

The article discusses the dynamics and structure of expenditures of the consolidated budget of the Russian Federation on the social sphere as the most important financial parameter of the state social policy. The author shows that the specificity of social state spending in Russia is the emphasis mainly on the function of social protection. The priority at the present stage of the function of social development and the need to improve the mechanism of budget provision of state and municipal services in the social sphere is substantiated.

The article assessed the state and structure of the housing stock of the Russian Federation, analyzed the main parameters of the housing conditions of the population, and the existing ways to improve. The necessity of improving the state policy in this area is shown, the actual content of the strategic approach to solving the problem of improving the quality of housing for citizens is determined.

The article reveals the patterns of development of the social sphere of the Russian economy, shows the limitations for its development formed in the conditions of the economic crisis. The article makes an assessment of the measure of the adequacy of the social sphere`s macroeconomic changes to the society's needs for social services. The research is based on the methodology of the national accounting system.

The article examines the current trends in the formation of the branch structure of the Russian economy and its regions associated with an increase of the service sector and social sphere`s share in the creation of value added. The structural shift is estimated as corresponding to the real state of the national and regional economics.