Денисенко Иван Федорович

Introduction. The modern world order is a collection of various states with their own interests, cultures, political goals, and ideas, which are increasingly influenced by global politics. This is primarily due to the increasing interdependence of countries and peoples, the expansion of economic, scientific, and technological ties and cooperation between states, the development of interpersonal contacts, and the creation of global information systems. Purpose. The aim of this study is to identify and theoretically comprehend the key factors shaping the transformation of the contemporary world order, followed by an analysis of the trends driving its evolution from a unipolar model toward a multipolar system of international relations. Methods. The study is based on the use of a comprehensive analytical approach and the interpretation of political-historical facts in the context of current international realities, which ensures continuity of scientific analysis and allows tracing causal relationships between past events and present trends. Results. The current world order is undergoing a transition from the unipolar model, which emerged in the post-bipolar period under the dominant influence of the United States and its allies, to a more complex and fragmented multipolar configuration. It is substantiated that the destabilizing actions of the U.S. and several Western countries - including interference in the domestic affairs of other states, the use of double standards, and the instrumentalization of human rights rhetoric - constitute a key factor undermining international stability. The degradation of strategic communication channels among nuclear powers, coupled with the absence of a coherent and inclusive international agenda, increases the risks of conflict escalation. Conclusions. The conducted study allows us to assert that the contemporary global order is undergoing a phase of profound structural transformations driven by the erosion of the unipolar model, the loss of trust in Western institutions, and the emergence of new centers of power on the international stage. Geopolitical hegemony, based on the ideology of exclusivity, sanction mechanisms, and military intervention, is gradually losing its capacity to ensure stability and control over global processes. Against this backdrop, the significance of alternative formats of cooperation, such as BRICS and the SCO, is increasing, alongside the strengthening of integration processes founded on the principles of equality, mutual respect, and political-cultural diversity.

The article analyzes the place and role of political parties in the process of political modernization of the Russian Federation, in the formation of a unified system of public power and in the functioning of the political system of society. Attention is focused on the historical background and stages of the development of the multiparty system in Russia, from the end of the XIX century to the present. It is concluded that in the context of foreign policy challenges and internal transformations, Russian political parties have demonstrated their maturity and ability to consolidate society around the priorities of state policy. The process of Russia's political modernization cannot be imagined without the active participation and development of political parties, which, despite all the challenges and deviations, continue to be an important factor in strengthening democratic institutions and state sovereignty.

The article discusses the problems of improving federalism and the system of public authority in the process of formation of new subjects of the Russian Federation. In the context of the geopolitical realities that have developed in the world after the collapse of the USSR and the formation of a number of independent states on its territory, the authors analyze the processes associated with changes in the federal structure by reforming existing and accepting new subjects of the federation into Russia. It is noted that further improvement of federalism and the system of public authority in the context of the formation of new subjects of the Russian Federation requires an integrated approach that takes into account the multidimensional and dynamic processes taking place in modern Russian society and in international relations.

The article deals with issues related to determining the place and role of municipal authorities in the system of state and municipal administration of the Russian Federation. The example of the Rostov region shows the interaction of local self-government bodies and public authorities to address issues of local importance. The circle of problems of ensuring the independence of municipalities is outlined. The article also identifies the reasons for the imperfection of the legal regulation of the local self-government system.

The article deals with the basic reasons and factors, which influence the modernization processes in modern Russia. it also reveals the reasons of a zigzag nature of the modernization of Russian political system and offers the measures to improve the efficiency of political management in the Russian Federation.

The article gives comparative-politological analysis of qualitative characteristics of regional political elite in the process of transition from Soviet to post-Soviet socio-political system.

The article analyzes the problems of rebuilding relations between political elite and cultural elite in conditions of changing Soviet and post-Soviet socio-political system, documentary and sociological sources; questions of cultural policy on regional level are analyzed.