A comparative analysis of the trends of birth, mortality, and fertility rate has carried out in the Russian Federation and in the Kyrgyz Republic. The trends of birth, mortality and fertility rate in Russia (1990-2015) show the entrance of the country into 5th phase of demographic transition. The demographic situation in Russia might be more catastrophic without massive immigration from the former Soviet republics. The birth rate significantly exceeded the mortality rate in 1960-2015 in the Kyrgyz Republic and the fertility rate was high during this period. This demographic trend increased the number of population. The Kyrgyz Republic is on the second demographic transition however there are elements of 3rd and 4th phase of the demographic transition.
