Черкасова Татьяна Павловна

Introduction. Digital transformation of political processes makes the problem of integrating artificial intelligence (AI) technologies into political communication practice highly relevant. Every year, there is an increasing penetration of algorithms and neural networks into political communication processes, which inevitably attracts the attention of the state and society. At the same time, the scientific understanding of specific formats of human–AI interaction in political discourse remains fragmented, and empirical studies documenting the results of practical AI tool approbation at the level of grassroots party organizations are extremely scarce. The purpose of the study is a theoretical and methodological analysis of human–AI interaction in the system of digital political communication, as well as the presentation and scientific interpretation of the results of empirical approbation of AI tool integration into political education practice at the level of primary party organizations. Materials and methods. The methodological basis of the research was an interdisciplinary approach based on the aggregation of political science, communicative, and technological concepts. Institutional and communicative approaches, participant observation, and qualitative analysis of documents and expert data were applied. The empirical basis was an educational forum for secretaries of primary party cells using an AI stenographer, deepfake video demonstration, and practical laboratories. Results. The theoretical foundations for AI integration into digital political communication in the context of transition to the fourth age of political communication have been systematized. The experience of creating a collective document “Algorithmic Memo of a Primary Cell Secretary v1.0,” developed by forum participants jointly with AI, is presented. Qualitative changes in participants’ perception of the role of digital technologies and AI have been recorded. Risks associated with deepfake technologies have been demonstrated. Conclusions. The article proves that human–AI interaction in digital political communication is complementary in nature and can be effectively implemented through targeted improvement of political actors’ digital literacy. The results confirm the prospects of the symbiotic “human + algorithm” model for developing political communication at the local level.

Introduction. The ongoing geopolitical turbulence in the context of a highly globalized world economy has led most countries to a loss of national sovereignty, including technological sovereignty, due to the possibility of more effectively meeting national needs through international trade or transnational production. However, geopolitical disagreements related to the redistribution and retention of political power at the global level make it possible to preserve it by launching economic instruments of sanctions pressure, which work effectively in conditions of loss of national economic sovereignty. In this regard, questions about an effective mechanism for its restoration become relevant.The purpose of the study conducted in the article is to analyze the effectiveness of the Russian import substitution mechanism in the agro-industrial complex and to propose options for its improvement aimed at maintaining technological sovereignty.Methods. Based on the application of a systems approach, a relationship was established between ensuring food security and import substitution policy in the technological sphere of the agro-industrial complex, which can ensure solutions to the strategic tasks of national development. In the course of the research conducted in the article, such methods as analysis of statistical and expert data, a sociological survey were used, which made it possible to formulate reasonable conclusions.Results. The study identified both the achieved results of using the import substitution mechanism within the Russian agro-industrial complex and the barriers that have not been overcome. The following positive results were highlighted: - partial solution to the problem of food dependence for a number of product groups; - positive macrodynamics of food security for Russian citizens; - stable state financial support for the agro-industrial complex; - implementation of strategic federal projects to support and develop the agro-industrial complex. Among the barriers that have not been overcome, the following are noted as key: - a shortage of qualified personnel; - the lost scientific heritage of the USSR; - a lack of financial resources.Conclusions. Despite the fact that the mechanism of import substitution in the sphere of ensuring food security has been launched, a systemic state policy is needed to neutralize key barriers, which confirms the expert opinion of the participants of the sociological survey. Among the important instruments that have already proven themselves in domestic practice are: - scaling up the "zemskie ..." project to workers in the agro-industrial complex, similar to teachers and doctors; - preferential mortgages for young families; - direct funding of research; - co-financing of pilot implementations of new technological solutions; - increasing the number of budget places in postgraduate studies (in relevant specialties), etc.

Introduction. Artificial intelligence is penetrating deeper into politics around the world. Algorithms and neural networks today are capable of creating texts, images and videos, analyzing big data and even imitating human communication. Every year there is an increasing penetration of the "inhuman mind" into the processes of political communication. Such a large-scale penetration into the sensual sphere of politics inevitably causes interest on the part of the state and society, as well as attempts to streamline these processes. Purpose. Based on the analysis of the specifics of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the political administration of the Russian Federation, to identify legal and ethical problems and develop proposals to improve the effectiveness of political communication in the context of digitalization. Methods. The methodological basis of the study was an interdisciplinary approach based on the aggregation of political, legal and managerial concepts that analyze the problems and possibilities of using AI in the political sphere. A qualitative analysis of documents and expert data of an interdisciplinary nature was used. An institutional and communicative approach was used. Results. The article is devoted to the analysis of the use of artificial intelligence in the political processes of the Russian Federation. The article examines both the positive aspects of the use of AI in political governance, as well as the potential risks associated with manipulation of public opinion, transparency of algorithms and the use of personal data. Special attention is paid to the legal regulation of AI in the Russian Federation, existing legislative gaps and ethical dilemmas. The article analyzes the experience of using AI by government agencies and political parties, including the automation of public services, the analysis of public opinion and the use of neural networks in election campaigns. In conclusion, recommendations are given on the development of legal regulation and maintaining a balance between technological progress and democratic values. Conclusions. The article proves that artificial intelligence is becoming part of the external landscape in the Russian Federation, although the process of its development is at an initial stage. However, its continued impact on policy will depend on exactly how it is used and regulated. Russian specificity (a combination of aspirations for technological sovereignty, a strong role for the state and the simultaneous interest of business players) creates a special context in which AI decisions can have long-term consequences for governance models and the degree of openness of the political system.

The aggravation of geopolitical threats has necessitated a reassessment of the safety of Russia's technological sovereignty, including in the agricultural sector, since the provision of basic groups of food products is a key need of any society. In this regard, the authors synthesized three theories for the analysis of technological sovereignty: neoclassical, institutional approaches and the concept of national security. The implemented synthesis made it possible to give a comprehensive definition of technological sovereignty that meets the requirements of today, and to derive from it the category of “biotechnological sovereignty” as a type of technological. Based on an analysis of Russian management practice, the main institutional and economic problems in the formation and preservation of technological sovereignty in the agricultural sector were presented. The need to overcome the problems that have arisen allowed the authors to identify 8 main directions of government policy, which are designed to increase and maintain technological sovereignty in the agricultural sector: system monitoring of non-import-substituted technological groups of goods in the agro-industrial complex; introduction of an innovative technological concept of agricultural production; normative consolidation in strategic documents of the main directions of R&D for the agricultural sector; transformation of value chains through the development and implementation of platform solutions; financial support through preferential subsidies for agricultural producers introducing biotechnologies; transformation of existing business models in agricultural production; formation of a bank and development of the domestic scientific and technological base; ensuring partnership between universities and enterprises in the agro-industrial complex in terms of targeted ordering of specialists and conducting turnkey research.

The issues of food security of national states have become particularly relevant in the modern era of global turbulence, when geopolitical threats have generated sanctions pressure, breaking production chains, including in the agricultural sector. In this regard, the issues of food sovereignty require the search for new instruments of state policy for its preservation. The article presents conceptual approaches to the study of food security, which made it possible to identify the basic factors of ensuring it, as well as the main categories of threats. Conducted analysis of the legal framework of the concept of food security and the main conditions for ensuring it in Russia made it possible to specify 4 main groups of threats and determine options for their prevention. The results obtained became the basis for proposing directions for increasing food security in Russia.

In the presented article, the author's team attempts to consider the acceleration policy as a transformational driver of political processes in the conditions of late capitalism. Based on the systematization of conceptual approaches within the framework of the new political theory of acceleration and critical theories of the modern capitalist system, the authors analyze the global crisis of modernity through the prism of neoliberal political processes that generate certain barriers to socio-political and techno-economic development. Based on the works of well-known accelerationists, a conclusion is formulated about two main vectors of accelerationist policy - in fact, the vector of "acceleration" and the vector of "linear velocity". The acceleration policy appears to be the driver only in the first case. The authors formulate a hypothesis that acceleration can transform the political process to overcome the neoliberal framework, firstly, by forcing the formation of global acceleration discourses by "left" political forces and, secondly, through the creation and implementation of blockchain platforms and AI in political management for proactive planning and forecasting of macroeconomic changes. With the correct implementation of acceleration vectors, the transformation of the political process can help smoothly bring society, based on the Marxist paradigm, to a new socio-economic formation - post-capitalism.

This article is devoted to the description of the specifics of political competition in the regions of the Russian Federation. The results of the elections to the representative bodies of 85 regions of Russia of the current convocations, broken down by federal districts, are taken as a basis. In addition, the paper gives an assessment of the mixed electoral system in the elections in the regions. It is based on the results of political parties on a single and in single-mandate electoral districts. Based on the results obtained, the difference between the obtained indicators is correlated, which allows us to give a qualitative assessment of the level of political competition within the current electoral system.

The article presents a deep political analysis of the foreign policy interests of modern States and ways to achieve them in the context of global political processes. Based on the systematization of data on current trends in world politics, an argument is made in favor of the fact that the accelerated growth of diversification of the entire international system leads to a sharp increase in the number of its actors and the interdependencies that arise between them. Based on this fact, when studying foreign policy categories, it becomes necessary to consider the foreign policy not of individual countries, but of their integration associations formed to lobby for national interests and formed in the context of globalization. A detailed study of international integration has revealed that today in the world of big politics it is not possible to make decisions entirely solely on your own. As examples, we analyzed various integration associations of our time, such as the European Union, NAFTA, ASEAN, and BRICS. As a result, it turned out that the combination of external policies and interests of countries, and in some cases corporations that are members of these organizations, leads to great geopolitical and geo-economic success, which indicates the positive nature of such macro-regional and even TRANS-regional syntheses.

The article presents an analysis of the categorical definition of the concept of public policy, which made it possible to clarify its essence from the point of view of political science. Based on the systematization of conceptual approaches to the analysis of public policy through the prism of the role of public organizations in its development, three key theories have been identified: - evidence-based bureaucracy; - the concept of the organization; - theoretical concept of the school of public administration. These theories of public policy have made it possible to determine effective models and tools for its implementation for the practice of political management and regulation of modern national societies. As an example, the American experience of using public organizations to support small and medium businesses was analyzed, which allows the United States to occupy a leading position in world rankings. The study of the Russian practice of participation of public organizations (on the example of the RPO " OPORA Russia") in the development and implementation of public policy made it possible to identify weak points and identify areas for improvement, taking into account the adaptation of the American experience to national conditions.

The article examines the specifics of the existing views of young people on the results of Great patriotic war within the context of the tasks of the patriotic learning of the youth. The sources of information used by schoolchildren and students are considered. The analysis of the views of young people is carried out taking into account modern challenges and the necessity of preserving the historical memory of the people. The article was prepared on the basis of empirical information of interregional sociological research.

The article presents an analysis of the impact of global trends on the development of Russian entrepreneurship, which allowed to determine the features of interaction of investment attractive for the banking system IT-business with banks. A new form of such interaction is the digital eco-system, which is a modern stage of development of business eco-systems. Two alternative banking policies for the development of eco-systems are identified: specialization and integration. Research of achievements of the Russian banking system on introduction of innovative technologies, allowed to define top-8 Russian banks and their key technologies, and also to define three main stages of formation of a banking eco-system. The main advantages of all participants of the business ecosystem in the banking sector are highlighted.

The article presents a four-level model of integration of the public management system, reflecting the risks of the technical level. As an instrument for leveling and eliminating the above problems and risks, it is proposed to use the author's software product E-CCM, which provides a synergistic effect of interaction between the technological system and the intellectual potential of society representatives.

The article analyzes the benefits of using cluster instruments in regional agricultural policy, among them: financial stability of cluster structures, the improvement of competitiveness of enterprises-participants of cluster, innovative orientation participants of the cluster, synergetic effect of regional development. Given the highlighted advantages of the proposed structure agro cluster, including internal, aroundclusters and innovative environment. The article gives an overview of possible strategies to encourage cluster development in the region from the public administration.

The article is devoted to the problems of innovative development of the Russian economy, conditioned by the absence of the formed system of public management institutions of innovative sector. Special attention is paid to the analysis of Russia's part in international rankings of innovative activity in the years 2015-2016, as well as the study of the key factors, constraining its innovative development. Consequently, the proposed innovation-cluster institute of public management makes it possible to remove constraints and to ensure consistency of interests of the main actors of the innovation process.

The article analyzes the Russian state at the present time and its modernization in the global financial and economic crisis. Particular attention is paid to the search for new tools of development of Russia in the crisis period.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the outcomes of socio-economic development of the Russian economy in 2013-2014 and the formation scenario of the main parameters of the forecast of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation for the period 2016-2018. Special attention is paid to the identification of factors in the development of socio-economic conditions in 2015, and consideration as the primary means of ensuring economic growth of investments in fixed capital. As a result, a number of activities supporting the transition of the Russian economy on an accelerated path of innovative development.

The article analyzes the main problems requiring modernization of the existing mechanism for ensuring the economic security of Russia, as well as their differentiation in the conditions of transition to innovative development. Special attention is paid to the search of possible measures of adjustment taking into account international best practices.

The article reviews world and national methods of investment climate estimate, that helps to reduce the investment risk. Such estimations, systematic national and regional investment climate monitoring, investment ratings increase attraction of national and foreign investments and stimulate economic growth. But the conditions of our research are ratings methodical variety, some countries absence in investment ratings and lack of regional differentiation. The authors try to arrange all estimation methods and adapt them to the regional level.

The article is devoted to re-considering the focus function of the state management of economic growth. Microelectronics and machine-tool building are presented as main trends and the measures of their state support are proposed.