Склярова Елена Алексеевна

Introduction. The appeal to the topic of social justice today is due to the fact that a huge mission is assigned to teachers, educators of various levels, especially teachers of the humanities, in the face of unprecedented destructive information impact on young people. The task of preserving and strengthening traditional Russian spiritual and moral values has been set by the government of the country. Purpose. Actualization of the value of the ideal of social justice, preservation, strengthening and development of the ethos of Russian civilization, countering threats to the all-Russian national identity in the context of the formation of a multipolar world. Theoretical Basis. The methodological basis of the study is the general principle of historicism, the hermeneutic method as reading and interpreting philosophical texts; comparative analysis, which makes it possible to compare different historical eras, cultures, societies, civilizations. The key philosophical concepts of social justice of Russian thinkers of the XIX-XXI centuries are distributed according to the historical and personal basis. Of great methodological significance for our study is the concept of constructing "ideal types" by M. Weber as a theoretical scheme of the phenomenon under study and a kind of "standard", "model", "example". Results and conclusions. The article reveals the key directions in understanding the ideal of social justice in the concepts of Russian thinkers as a revelation of the Christian commandments, as a principle of a new life, as a principle of social relations. The spiritual and practical forms of existence of the ideal of social justice and the possibility of its realization in society are analyzed. The importance of the study increases in the context of the collision of two global trends: the aspirations of non-Western civilizations to form a multipolar world and the spread of the ideology of mondialism against the background of the global hybrid war being waged by aggressive Western forces, an integral part of which is a mental war aimed at dividing Russian society and blurring national identity. The reality of social justice is a guarantor of the preservation of Russia's national identity. The most important value in modern conditions is the realization of the ideals of social justice as a condition for consolidating and preserving the integrity of Russian civilization in the face of external threats.

In the article the solution of the evolution of views quite clearly understands and essential knowledge, scientific knowledge, two positions are identified and analyzed - scientism and anti-scientism: scientism, proclaiming the idea of reason as a key tool of cognition, the pinnacle of development, which becomes science in the guaranteed infinity of its capabilities, and anti-scientism, characterizing science in twenty equivalent worldview systems as a method of comprehending relative truths. The purpose of this article is to preserve the problems of the relationship between science and ethics in the historical past; tasks: the key provisions on the issue of “value neutrality” of scientific, developed on the basis of the principles of development of human society are designated. It is emphasized that the question of whether a scientist can be value-neutral, especially in social and humanitarian knowledge, is becoming extremely relevant today. It is noted that the ethics of a scientist is becoming a key section of scientific ethics. The author summarizes that in the context of growing threats and civilizational challenges, the modernity of modernity determines the principle of science and ethics, actualizes the moral code of the scientist, which is approved by the provisions of the course of the Russian Federation on maintaining national security.

The article outlines the role and significance of the myth in the modern world, the nature of the political mythological image. According to the author, the key political myths in the modern world are: freedom, democracy, globalization. It is noted that the nature of the political mythological image is dialectical: it is universal, because the myth is focused on the search for a common, unified, deep-objective ontological basis, and at the same time is unique, due to the filling of the image with meanings and meanings, born by the originality of the political life of certain civilizations and national cultures.

The article shows the specifics of the Russian mentality and Russian art. It is noted that Russian art as an original cultural phenomenon is a reflection in the essential features of the Russian mentality: the desire for the sacred, the Absolute, universality, catholicity, cosmism, the search for social truth, sacrifice, irrationality, turning to open "heart" truths, justice, mercy.

The article is devoted to the consideration of the problems of the formation of the West European political elite, its socio-historical, cultural roots. This topic is relevant in connection with the understanding of the influence of the political elite on the socio-economic, political and cultural processes in different historical periods. The analysis of the socio-cultural environment, which forms the specifics and lifestyle of the political elite of the XVIII century, is carried out. It is emphasized that the social structure of society, preserved in the XVIII century. as a legacy of the Middle Ages, it was hierarchical and had common features in Western European states. The role of the aristocracy of the nobility in the dissemination and popularization of the ideas of the Enlightenment is noted.

The main idea of the article is to reveal the representations of the relationship between the concepts of civility and falsehood in the professional sphere. The work is seen as a necessary courtesy man attribute of communication and activity, providing respect for others and is an internal need of the person who wants to achieve a positive interaction in a professional environment.

The main idea of the article is the disclosure of the idea of economic man in the writings of David Harvey. This paper deals with the basic understanding of people and their behavior in the information society. The main attention is paid to the problem of freedom of individual behavior in a "knowledge economy." The issues of the expansion of freedom in the process of consumption, labor and entrepreneurship under the influence of neo-capitalism, which has become the main ideological concept of the modern economy are raised.

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of a man of economy. The main propositions about the informational society, its formation and development are analyzed. The article deals with the attitude to labour as the starting point of considering the model of a man of economy in the informational society.

The article dwells on the role of nobility in shaping public consciousness of the New Times. It analyses the transformation of Western European public consciousness in the 18 th century.